Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) has been shown to slow down the progression of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other tauopathies; however distribution of MB into the brain is limited due its high hydrophilicity. In this study, we aimed to prepare novel hydrophobic glutathione coated PLGA nanoparticles to improve bioavailability of MB in the brain. Glutathione coated poly-(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-b-PEG) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared and tested in two different cell culture models of AD expressing microtubule associated protein tau (tau). The NPs showed a particle size averaging 136.5±4.4nm, which is suitable for the blood brain barrier (BBB) permeation. The in vitro release profile of the NPs exhibited no initial burst release and showed sustained drug release for up to 144 hours. Interestingly, treatment of newly formulated MB-NPs showed a potent reduction in both endogenous and over expressed tau protein levels in human neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y cells expressing endogenous tau and transfected HeLa cells over-expressing tau protein, respectively. Furthermore, in vitro BBB TranswellTM study showed significantly higher permeation of MB-NP compared to the MB solution through the co culture of rat brain endothelial 4 (RBE4) and C6 astrocytoma cells (p<0.05). The proposed MB loaded nanoparticles could provide a more effective treatment option for AD and many other related disorders.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, blood brain barrier, brain targeted delivery, drug delivery, Methylene blue, PLGA nanoparticles.
Current Drug Delivery
Title:Preparation and Characterization of Methylene blue Nanoparticles for Alzheimer's Disease and Other Tauopathies
Volume: 11 Issue: 4
Author(s): Umesh K. Jinwal, Anastasia Groshev, Juan Zhang, Aditya Grover and Vijaykumar B. Sutariya
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, blood brain barrier, brain targeted delivery, drug delivery, Methylene blue, PLGA nanoparticles.
Abstract: Methylene blue (MB) has been shown to slow down the progression of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other tauopathies; however distribution of MB into the brain is limited due its high hydrophilicity. In this study, we aimed to prepare novel hydrophobic glutathione coated PLGA nanoparticles to improve bioavailability of MB in the brain. Glutathione coated poly-(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-b-PEG) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared and tested in two different cell culture models of AD expressing microtubule associated protein tau (tau). The NPs showed a particle size averaging 136.5±4.4nm, which is suitable for the blood brain barrier (BBB) permeation. The in vitro release profile of the NPs exhibited no initial burst release and showed sustained drug release for up to 144 hours. Interestingly, treatment of newly formulated MB-NPs showed a potent reduction in both endogenous and over expressed tau protein levels in human neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y cells expressing endogenous tau and transfected HeLa cells over-expressing tau protein, respectively. Furthermore, in vitro BBB TranswellTM study showed significantly higher permeation of MB-NP compared to the MB solution through the co culture of rat brain endothelial 4 (RBE4) and C6 astrocytoma cells (p<0.05). The proposed MB loaded nanoparticles could provide a more effective treatment option for AD and many other related disorders.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Jinwal K. Umesh, Groshev Anastasia, Zhang Juan, Grover Aditya and Sutariya B. Vijaykumar, Preparation and Characterization of Methylene blue Nanoparticles for Alzheimer's Disease and Other Tauopathies, Current Drug Delivery 2014; 11 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201810666131113102037
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201810666131113102037 |
Print ISSN 1567-2018 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5704 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of natural products, bio-actives and novel drug delivery system against emerging viral infections
Due to the increasing prevalence of viral infections and the ability of these human pathogens to develop resistance to current treatment strategies, there is a great need to find and develop new compounds to combat them. These molecules must have low toxicity, specific activity and high bioavailability. The most suitable ...read more
Electrospun Fibers as Drug Delivery Systems
In recent years, electrospun fibers have attracted considerable attention as potential platforms for drug delivery due to their distinctive properties and adaptability. These fibers feature a notable surface area-to-volume ratio and can be intentionally designed with high porosity, facilitating an increased capacity for drug loading and rendering them suitable for ...read more
Emerging Nanotherapeutics for Mitigation of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Conditions affecting the central nervous system (CNS) present a significant hurdle due to limited access of both treatments and diagnostic tools for the brain. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a barrier, restricting the passage of molecules from the bloodstream into the brain. The most formidable challenge facing scientists is ...read more
Nanotechnology Based Chemotherapy for the treatment of Head & Neck Cancer
The escalating recurrence rates observed in Head and Neck cancer, particularly within the chemo-therapeutically treated cohort (50-60%), can be attributed to the non-selective nature of current anticancer drug delivery modalities. In this context, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems emerge as a promising avenue for achieving precise localization of therapeutic agents to ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Recent Development in the Discovery of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Inhibitors for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry New Trends in Fiber-Optic Chemical and Biological Sensors
Current Analytical Chemistry Garlic-Derived Allyl Sulfides in Cancer Therapy
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Stem Cells: In Sickness and in Health
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Human Papillomavirus E7 Oncoprotein Promotes Proliferation and Migration through the Transcription Factor E2F1 in Cervical Cancer Cells
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Towards Human on a Chip: Recent Progress and Future Perspective
Micro and Nanosystems Dendrimer Based Anti-Infective and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery The Contribution of Proteinase-Activated Receptors to Intracellular Signaling, Transcellular Transport and Autophagy in Alzheimer´s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research The Role of the Metabolism of Anticancer Drugs in Their Induced-Cardiotoxicity
Current Drug Metabolism HIV-1 Tat-Mediated Calcium Dysregulation and Neuronal Dysfunction in Vulnerable Brain Regions
Current Drug Targets From Head to Tail: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Para Hydrazine Nicotinamide Phenylalanine8-Oxytocin Derivatives
Letters in Organic Chemistry Heparin Affin Regulatory Peptide: A New Target for Tumour Therapy?
Current Cancer Drug Targets Targeting Cancer Stem Cell Lines as a New Treatment of Human Cancer
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Silybin and Silymarin - New and Emerging Applications in Medicine
Current Medicinal Chemistry Immunophilins and Coupled Gating of Ryanodine Receptors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Recombinant Rhabdoviruses as Potential Vaccines for HIV-1 and Other Diseases
Current HIV Research Enzymatic Properties and Physiological Roles of Cytosolic 5’-Nucleotidase II.
Current Medicinal Chemistry Endothelial Dysfunction in Metabolic Diseases: Role of Oxidation and Possible Therapeutic Employment of N-acetylcysteine
Current Medicinal Chemistry Inhibition of Tau Aggregation in Cell Models of Tauopathy
Current Alzheimer Research Patents Related to Cancer Stem Cell Research
Recent Patents on DNA & Gene Sequences