Abstract
Role of calcium ion (Ca2+) in the functioning of neurons from their naïve state to mature state is of vital importance. It controls functions such as neuronal functioning, neuronal ATP production, central nervous system migration and many others. Failure in Ca2+ homeostasis mechanisms and the resulting cellular Ca2+ ion load initiates a cascade of reactions involving various cytosolic enzymes and proteins. This total mechanism leads to the neuronal death. The ability of neurons to resist such death mechanisms fails as a result of extensive cell death signaling cascade reactions and later brings brain damage. The role of neuronal endoplasmic reticulum and protein channels like CaVs, TRP channels, and NMDAR as the mediators of cell damage and death has been evaluated in the studies related to cerebral ischemia. Here, we portray Ca2+ ion as one of the role players in neuronal death and cerebral damage following ischemia. The role of Ca2+ in neuronal functioning, its regulatory mechanisms and the failure of homeostatic mechanisms are discussed in detail.
Keywords: Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ ion, ischemia, neuronal damage, neuroprotection.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Calcium Ion – The Key Player in Cerebral Ischemia
Volume: 21 Issue: 18
Author(s): V.S. Suvanish Kumar, A. Gopalakrishnan, M. Naziroglu and G.K. Rajanikant
Affiliation:
Keywords: Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ ion, ischemia, neuronal damage, neuroprotection.
Abstract: Role of calcium ion (Ca2+) in the functioning of neurons from their naïve state to mature state is of vital importance. It controls functions such as neuronal functioning, neuronal ATP production, central nervous system migration and many others. Failure in Ca2+ homeostasis mechanisms and the resulting cellular Ca2+ ion load initiates a cascade of reactions involving various cytosolic enzymes and proteins. This total mechanism leads to the neuronal death. The ability of neurons to resist such death mechanisms fails as a result of extensive cell death signaling cascade reactions and later brings brain damage. The role of neuronal endoplasmic reticulum and protein channels like CaVs, TRP channels, and NMDAR as the mediators of cell damage and death has been evaluated in the studies related to cerebral ischemia. Here, we portray Ca2+ ion as one of the role players in neuronal death and cerebral damage following ischemia. The role of Ca2+ in neuronal functioning, its regulatory mechanisms and the failure of homeostatic mechanisms are discussed in detail.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kumar Suvanish V.S., Gopalakrishnan A., Naziroglu M. and Rajanikant G.K., Calcium Ion – The Key Player in Cerebral Ischemia, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2014; 21 (18) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867321666131228204246
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867321666131228204246 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Editorial
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery MDM4 (MDMX) and its Transcript Variants
Current Genomics The Quinoline Imidoselenocarbamate EI201 Blocks the AKT/mTOR Pathway and Targets Cancer Stem Cells Leading to a Strong Antitumor Activity
Current Medicinal Chemistry Expression of Specificity Protein Transcription Factors in Pancreatic Cancer and their Association in Prognosis and Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Aberrant TGF-β Signaling in Pre-Clinical Models of Cancer
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry AAVs Anatomy: Roadmap for Optimizing Vectors for Translational Success
Current Gene Therapy Aptamers in Targeted Nanotherapy
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Small Molecules for Immunomodulation in Cancer: A Review
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Some Thiazole Derivatives Combined with Different Heterocycles: Cytotoxicity Evaluation and Apoptosis Inducing Studies
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Discrimination of Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Brain Lesions
Current Medical Imaging Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Signaling
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Antisense Strategies in Therapy of Gliomas
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Dasatinib: An Anti-Tumour Agent via Src Inhibition
Current Drug Targets Semaphorins at the Interface of Development and Cancer
Current Drug Targets The Dual Role of Nitric Oxide in Glioma
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeting the Mevalonate Pathway for Improved Anticancer Therapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets Targeting CSC-Related miRNAs for Cancer Therapy by Natural Agents
Current Drug Targets Nanoparticle-based Cerebral Drug-Delivery Systems and Antiangiogenic Approach in Gliomas Treatment
Recent Patents on Nanotechnology Determinants of Anti-Cancer Effect of Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Inhibitors: Bioenergetic Profile and Metabolic Flexibility of Cancer Cells
Current Pharmaceutical Design Aberrant Splicing, Hyaluronan Synthases and Intracellular Hyaluronan as Drivers of Oncogenesis and Potential Drug Targets
Current Cancer Drug Targets