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Current Drug Delivery

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1567-2018
ISSN (Online): 1875-5704

Improving Brain Drug Targeting Through Exploitation of The Nose-to- Brain Route: A Physiological and Pharmacokinetic Perspective

Author(s): R.K.S. Badhan, M. Kaur, S. Lungare and S. Obuobi

Volume 11, Issue 4, 2014

Page: [458 - 471] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/1567201811666140321113555

Price: $65

Abstract

With an ageing population and increasing prevalence of central-nervous system (CNS) disorders new approaches are required to sustain the development and successful delivery of therapeutics into the brain and CNS. CNS drug delivery is challenging due to the impermeable nature of the brain microvascular endothelial cells that form the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and which prevent the entry of a wide range of therapeutics into the brain. This review examines the role intranasal delivery may play in achieving direct brain delivery, for small molecular weight drugs, macromolecular therapeutics and cell-based therapeutics, by exploitation of the olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathways. This approach is thought to deliver drugs into the brain and CNS through bypassing the BBB. Details of the mechanism of transfer of administrated therapeutics, the pathways that lead to brain deposition, with a specific focus on therapeutic pharmacokinetics, and examples of successful CNS delivery will be explored.

Keywords: Blood-brain barrier, brain, central nervous system, nasal, neuron, olfactory, pharmacokinetics, trigeminal.

Graphical Abstract

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