Abstract
The deep lungs provide an efficient pathway for drugs to transport into the systemic circulation, as the extremely large surface area and thin epithelial membrane enable rapid drug transport to the blood stream. To penetrate into the deep lungs, aerosol particles with aerodynamic diameters of 1-3 m are optimal. Large porous hollow particles (LPHPs) can achieve this aerodynamic size range through enhanced porosity within the particles (typically < 0.4 g/cm3), which aerodynamically balances the large particle size (> 5 µm, up to 30 µm). The physical properties of these particles provide some key advantages compared to their small, nonporous counterparts through enhanced dispersibility, efficient deep lung deposition, and avoidance of phagocytic clearance. This review highlights the potential of LPHPs in pulmonary delivery of systemic drugs, with a focus on their critical attributes and key formulation aspects. In addition, three examples of LPHPs under development are presented to emphasize the potential of this technology to treat systemic diseases.
Keywords: PulmoSpheres, nanoparticle aggregates, porosity, dispersibility, aerodynamic diameter, systemic circulation.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Large Porous Hollow Particles: Lightweight Champions of Pulmonary Drug Delivery
Volume: 22 Issue: 17
Author(s): Sachin Gharse and Jennifer Fiegel
Affiliation:
Keywords: PulmoSpheres, nanoparticle aggregates, porosity, dispersibility, aerodynamic diameter, systemic circulation.
Abstract: The deep lungs provide an efficient pathway for drugs to transport into the systemic circulation, as the extremely large surface area and thin epithelial membrane enable rapid drug transport to the blood stream. To penetrate into the deep lungs, aerosol particles with aerodynamic diameters of 1-3 m are optimal. Large porous hollow particles (LPHPs) can achieve this aerodynamic size range through enhanced porosity within the particles (typically < 0.4 g/cm3), which aerodynamically balances the large particle size (> 5 µm, up to 30 µm). The physical properties of these particles provide some key advantages compared to their small, nonporous counterparts through enhanced dispersibility, efficient deep lung deposition, and avoidance of phagocytic clearance. This review highlights the potential of LPHPs in pulmonary delivery of systemic drugs, with a focus on their critical attributes and key formulation aspects. In addition, three examples of LPHPs under development are presented to emphasize the potential of this technology to treat systemic diseases.
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Cite this article as:
Gharse Sachin and Fiegel Jennifer, Large Porous Hollow Particles: Lightweight Champions of Pulmonary Drug Delivery, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2016; 22 (17) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160128145356
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160128145356 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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