Abstract
There is a broad range of biological, chemical and physical hurdles for drugs to reach the brain. Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems hold tremendous potential for diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders, including the capacity of crossing the blood–brain barrier and accessing to the brain after systemic administration. Thus, nanoparticles enable the delivery of a great variety of drugs including anticancer drugs, analgesics, anti- Alzheimer's drugs, protease inhibitors, and several macromolecules into the brain. Moreover, nanoparticles may importantly reduce the drug's toxicity and adverse effects due to an alteration of the body distribution. A very critical and important requirement for nanoparticulate brain delivery is that the employed nanoparticles are biocompatible and, moreover, rapidly biodegradable. Therefore, nanocarriers fabricated from natural polymers including polysaccharides and proteins are particularly interesting. Meeting requirements such as low cytotoxicity, abundant surface functional groups, high drug binding capacity and significant uptake into the targeted cells, natural polymer-based nanocarriers represent promising candidates for efficient drug and gene delivery to the brain. The current review highlights the latest advances achieved in developing drug-loaded polysaccharide and protein nanocarriers for brain delivery. The nanoparticles are discussed with respect to their formulation aspects, advantages, limitations, as well as the major outcomes of the in vitro and in vivo investigations. Modification of the nanoparticle surface with specific brain targeting ligands or by coating with certain surfactants for enhanced brain delivery is also reviewed. In addition, the mechanisms of the nanoparticle-mediated drug transport across the BBB are also discussed in this review.
Keywords: Brain targeting, drug delivery, gene delivery, natural polymers, polysaccharide nanoparticles, protein nanoparticles, glioma.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Natural Polymeric Nanoparticles for Brain-Targeting: Implications on Drug and Gene Delivery
Volume: 22 Issue: 22
Author(s): Ahmed O. Elzoghby, Mahmoud M. Abd-Elwakil, Kholod Abd-Elsalam, Mustafa T. Elsayed, Yosra Hashem and Ola Mohamed
Affiliation:
Keywords: Brain targeting, drug delivery, gene delivery, natural polymers, polysaccharide nanoparticles, protein nanoparticles, glioma.
Abstract: There is a broad range of biological, chemical and physical hurdles for drugs to reach the brain. Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems hold tremendous potential for diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders, including the capacity of crossing the blood–brain barrier and accessing to the brain after systemic administration. Thus, nanoparticles enable the delivery of a great variety of drugs including anticancer drugs, analgesics, anti- Alzheimer's drugs, protease inhibitors, and several macromolecules into the brain. Moreover, nanoparticles may importantly reduce the drug's toxicity and adverse effects due to an alteration of the body distribution. A very critical and important requirement for nanoparticulate brain delivery is that the employed nanoparticles are biocompatible and, moreover, rapidly biodegradable. Therefore, nanocarriers fabricated from natural polymers including polysaccharides and proteins are particularly interesting. Meeting requirements such as low cytotoxicity, abundant surface functional groups, high drug binding capacity and significant uptake into the targeted cells, natural polymer-based nanocarriers represent promising candidates for efficient drug and gene delivery to the brain. The current review highlights the latest advances achieved in developing drug-loaded polysaccharide and protein nanocarriers for brain delivery. The nanoparticles are discussed with respect to their formulation aspects, advantages, limitations, as well as the major outcomes of the in vitro and in vivo investigations. Modification of the nanoparticle surface with specific brain targeting ligands or by coating with certain surfactants for enhanced brain delivery is also reviewed. In addition, the mechanisms of the nanoparticle-mediated drug transport across the BBB are also discussed in this review.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
O. Elzoghby Ahmed, M. Abd-Elwakil Mahmoud, Abd-Elsalam Kholod, T. Elsayed Mustafa, Hashem Yosra and Mohamed Ola, Natural Polymeric Nanoparticles for Brain-Targeting: Implications on Drug and Gene Delivery, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2016; 22 (22) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160204120829
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160204120829 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
A Comprehensive Review on miR-200c, A Promising Cancer Biomarker with Therapeutic Potential
Current Drug Targets Role of ZEB Family Members in Proliferation, Metastasis, and Chemoresistance of Prostate Cancer Cells: Revealing Signaling Networks
Current Cancer Drug Targets Animal Models of Carcinogenesis in Inflamed Colorectum: Potential Use in Chemoprevention Study
Current Drug Targets Natural Product Gossypol and its Derivatives in Precision Cancer Medicine
Current Medicinal Chemistry Prediction and Analysis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Related Genes Using Gene Ontology and KEGG
Current Bioinformatics Pharmacometrics in Dose Finding or Dose Optimization of Anti-Retroviral and Anti-Tubercular Drugs
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Disorders of Mechanisms of Calcium Metabolism Control as Potential Risk Factors of Prostate Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry Targeting mTOR: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Resveratrol for Cancer Treatment
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 4-Methylumbelliferones Analogues as Anticancer Agents: Synthesis and in Cell Pharmacological Studies
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Viral Based Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Current Gene Therapy A proteomics based approach for the identification of gastric cancer related markers
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role for Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Activation in Diabetic Nephropathy, Neuropathy and Retinopathy
Current Vascular Pharmacology BK Channel Modulators: A Comprehensive Overview
Current Medicinal Chemistry Urine-derived Stem Cells, A New Source of Seed Cells for Tissue Engineering
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Emerging Family of Protein-protein Interaction Inhibitors Targeting PD-1 Checkpoint Pathway
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews New Antimicrobial Frontiers
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Antimicrobial, In Vitro and In Vivo Antineoplastic Activities, Mechanism of Action, Structural and Thermal Properties of a Small-Novel Pharmaceutical Organometallic Chelate
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Surgery with Auger Electron-Emitting Radiopharmaceuticals
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Repurposing of Metformin for Cancer Therapy: Updated Patent and Literature Review
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Nanocarriers for Gene Delivery - Polymer Structure, Targeting Ligands and Controlled-Release Devices
Current Nanoscience