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Current Pharmaceutical Design

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

Review Article

Electrocardiographic and Cardiac Autonomic Indices - Implications of Sex-Specific Risk Stratification in Women After Acute Myocardial Infarction

Author(s): Romy Ubrich, Petra Barthel, Anna Berkefeld, Katerina Hnatkova, Katharina M Huster, Michael Dommasch, Daniel Sinnecker, Alexander Steger, Georg Schmidt and Marek Malik

Volume 22, Issue 25, 2016

Page: [3817 - 3828] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666160311115605

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The debate on whether sex-specific predictive models improve risk stratification after myocardial infarction is ongoing. Methods: This review summarises the current clinical knowledge on sex-specific differences in post-infarction risk stratification parameters. Particular focus is given to electrocardiographic risk factors and indices of cardiac autonomic status. Results: Differences in the underlying pathophysiology between men and women are known. However, clinical findings often lead to uncertain conclusions for a number of risk predictors including, among others, resting heart rate, heart rate variability, heart rate turbulence, QT interval duration, and QRS-T angle. The review links recent findings in prognostic parameters with successful approaches in sex-specific non-invasive risk stratification. Conclusion: Disparities are described in the current clinical opinions on the relevance of investigated parameters in women and possible directions for further research in the field are given.

Keywords: Women, heart rate, heart rate variability, heart rate turbulence, baroreflex sensitivity, QT width, QRS T-angle, AMI.


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