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Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1574-8871
ISSN (Online): 1876-1038

Review Article

Clinical Trials Investigating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Author(s): Anshu Giri, Simrit S. Walia and Ajeet Gajra

Volume 11, Issue 4, 2016

Page: [297 - 305] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1574887111666160724181330

Price: $65

Abstract

Introduction: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor overall survival that accounts for up to 85% of lung cancer diagnoses. The use of immunotherapy in the form of checkpoint inhibition, to enhance the immune system’s ability to attack malignant cells, has been a promising addition to treatment options in advanced NSCLC.

Results: Such therapeutic agents aimed at the Programmed Death 1 (PD-1) receptor or Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) have revealed promising results against many types of cancer including NSCLC. Examples of these agents include nivolumab, pembrolizumab, BMS-936559, atezolizumab, and MEDI4736, of which the first two are approved by US FDA in the second line treatment of advanced NSCLC.

Discussion: Impressive improvements in objective responses from PD-1 blockade were found in both first line therapy as well as treatment after progression on platinum based therapy. In addition, the safety profile is favorable with significantly lower grade 3-4 adverse events compared to standard of care. The optimal selection criteria and factors that show an increased response to therapy are still being determined.

Keywords: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.


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