Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well recognized for playing a dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. ROS are products of normal cellular metabolism and under physiological conditions, participate in maintenance of cellular ‘redox homeostasis. Overproduction of ROS, results in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a deleterious process that leads to lung damage and consequently to various disease states. The lung is a highly specialized organ that facilitates uptake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide.
Persistent inhalation of the invading pathogens or toxic agents may result in overwhelming production of ROS. Oxidants initiate a number of pathologic processes, including inflammation of the airways, which may contribute to the pathogenesis and/or exacerbation of airways disease.
During inflammation, enhanced ROS production may induce recurring DNA damage, inhibition of apoptosis, and activation of protooncogenes by initiating signal transduction pathways. Therefore, it is conceivable that chronic inflammation-induced production of ROS in the lung may predispose individuals to lung diseases. In this review, we discuss mechanisms of oxidant stress in the lung, the role of oxidants in lung disease pathogenesis and exacerbation.
Keywords: Oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, lung diseases, Reactive oxygen species (ROS), cellular metabolism, airways, apoptosis, protooncogenes, signal transduction pathways.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Reactive Oxygen Species, Inflammation, and Lung Diseases
Volume: 18 Issue: 26
Author(s): Di Paola Rosanna and Cuzzocrea Salvatore
Affiliation:
Keywords: Oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, lung diseases, Reactive oxygen species (ROS), cellular metabolism, airways, apoptosis, protooncogenes, signal transduction pathways.
Abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well recognized for playing a dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. ROS are products of normal cellular metabolism and under physiological conditions, participate in maintenance of cellular ‘redox homeostasis. Overproduction of ROS, results in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a deleterious process that leads to lung damage and consequently to various disease states. The lung is a highly specialized organ that facilitates uptake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide.
Persistent inhalation of the invading pathogens or toxic agents may result in overwhelming production of ROS. Oxidants initiate a number of pathologic processes, including inflammation of the airways, which may contribute to the pathogenesis and/or exacerbation of airways disease.
During inflammation, enhanced ROS production may induce recurring DNA damage, inhibition of apoptosis, and activation of protooncogenes by initiating signal transduction pathways. Therefore, it is conceivable that chronic inflammation-induced production of ROS in the lung may predispose individuals to lung diseases. In this review, we discuss mechanisms of oxidant stress in the lung, the role of oxidants in lung disease pathogenesis and exacerbation.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Paola Rosanna Di and Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Reactive Oxygen Species, Inflammation, and Lung Diseases, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (26) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802083716
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802083716 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Uridine Function in the Central Nervous System
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Particle Sorting in Microfluidic Systems
Micro and Nanosystems Survivin: Role in Normal Cells and in Pathological Conditions
Current Cancer Drug Targets P53 Family: At the Crossroads in Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Proteomics Approach to Illustrate Drug Action Mechanisms
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Bioproducts from Seaweeds: A Review with Special Focus on the Iberian Peninsula
Current Organic Chemistry Beneficial Action of Citrus Flavonoids on Multiple Cancer-Related Biological Pathways
Current Cancer Drug Targets Design and Synthesis of Arylnaphthalene Lignan Lactone Derivatives as Potent Topoisomerase Inhibitors
Medicinal Chemistry Therapeutic Antibodies for Spinal Cord Injury
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Evolution and Pathogenesis of Oncoviruses Associated with Head and Neck Cancer: History and Current Concepts
Recent Patents on Biomarkers Why Some Messages Speak Better: Child Immunization in the News and on the Internet
Current Drug Safety Key Roles of MicroRNA-22 Family in Complex Organisms Inferred from its Evolution
MicroRNA Plasma-Free Amino Acid Profiling of Nasal Polyposis Patients
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening From Bacteria to Antineoplastic: Epothilones A Successful History
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Amino Acid Derived Prodrugs: An Approach to Improve the Bioavailability of Clinically Approved Drugs
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Effects of Nicotine on the Cardiovascular System
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Editorial [Hot Topic:Cervical Cancer - Current Challenges(Guest Editor: Adeola Olaitan)]
Current Women`s Health Reviews Lycopene: A Review of Its Potential as an Anticancer Agent
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Multifunctional Liquid Crystal Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy
Current Nanomaterials Synthesis and Bioactivity of (R)-Ricinoleic Acid Derivatives: A Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry