Abstract
Iron is a vital element required by almost all cells for their normal functioning. The well-established role of iron in oxidative metabolism, myelination and synthesis of neurotransmitter makes it an indispensable nutrient required by the brain. Both iron deficiency and excess have been associated with numerous patho-physiologies of the brain, suggesting a need for iron homeostasis. Various studies have reported that the immune effector cells of the brain, the microglial cells, are involved in iron homeostasis in the brain. Microglial cells, which accumulate iron during the developmental period, have a role in myelination process. Along with the increased iron accumulation documented in neurodegenerative diseases, the striking finding is the presence of iron positive microglial cells at the foci of lesion. Though excess iron within activated microglia is demonstrated to enhance the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and free radicals, a complete understanding of the role of iron in microglia is lacking. The present knowledge on iron mediated changes, in the functions of microglia is summarized in this review.
Keywords: Microglia, iron accumulation, iron transport, inflammatory cytokines, free radicals, iron chelators.
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Consequences of Iron Accumulation in Microglia and its Implications in Neuropathological Conditions
Volume: 12 Issue: 6
Author(s): Gurugirijha Rathnasamy, Eng-Ang Ling and Charanjit Kaur
Affiliation:
Keywords: Microglia, iron accumulation, iron transport, inflammatory cytokines, free radicals, iron chelators.
Abstract: Iron is a vital element required by almost all cells for their normal functioning. The well-established role of iron in oxidative metabolism, myelination and synthesis of neurotransmitter makes it an indispensable nutrient required by the brain. Both iron deficiency and excess have been associated with numerous patho-physiologies of the brain, suggesting a need for iron homeostasis. Various studies have reported that the immune effector cells of the brain, the microglial cells, are involved in iron homeostasis in the brain. Microglial cells, which accumulate iron during the developmental period, have a role in myelination process. Along with the increased iron accumulation documented in neurodegenerative diseases, the striking finding is the presence of iron positive microglial cells at the foci of lesion. Though excess iron within activated microglia is demonstrated to enhance the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and free radicals, a complete understanding of the role of iron in microglia is lacking. The present knowledge on iron mediated changes, in the functions of microglia is summarized in this review.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Rathnasamy Gurugirijha, Ling Eng-Ang and Kaur Charanjit, Consequences of Iron Accumulation in Microglia and its Implications in Neuropathological Conditions, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2013; 12 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/18715273113126660169
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/18715273113126660169 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin: From Chemistry to Medicine
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Synthetic and Medicinal Prospective of Structurally Modified Curcumins
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Low Dose of Anisodine Hydrobromide Induced Neuroprotective Effects in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rats
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Chalcones and Chromones in Copper-Catalyzed Azide–Alkyne Cycloadditions (CuAAC)
Current Organic Chemistry Endogenous BMP-4/ROS/COX-2 Mediated IPC and Resveratrol Alleviated Brain Damage
Current Pharmaceutical Design B-Type Natriuretic Peptide: Endogenous Regulator of Myocardial Structure, Biomarker and Therapeutic Target
Current Molecular Medicine Innate Immune Inflammatory Response in the Acutely Ischemic Myocardium
Medicinal Chemistry Safflor Protected Rat Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibiting the Expression of NF-kB and IL-1β
Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Targeting Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Cardiometabolic Diseases and Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Current Drug Targets Favorable Effects of Astaxanthin on Brain Damage due to Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Coronary Stenting
Current Pharmaceutical Design Protein Degradation Pathways after Brain Ischemia
Current Drug Targets Melatonin in the Biliary Tract and Liver: Health Implications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Assays for Identification of Hsp90 Inhibitors and Biochemical Methods for Discriminating their Mechanism of Action
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors: Future Perspectives
Current Pharmaceutical Design NOS Inhibitors: Structure, Biological Activity and Mechanism of Action
Current Enzyme Inhibition The Implications of Human Stem Cell Differentiation to Endothelial Cell Via Fluid Shear Stress in Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine: A Review
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Meaning of Different Forms of Structural Myocardial Injury, Immune Response and Timing of Infarct Necrosis and Cardiac Repair
Current Vascular Pharmacology There is a Link Between Erectile Dysfunction and Heart Failure: It could be Inflammation
Current Drug Targets Beneficiary and Adverse Effects of Phytoestrogens: A Potential Constituent of Plant-based Diet
Current Pharmaceutical Design