Abstract
Oncogenic epithelial-mesenchymal transition (oncEMT) plays important roles in the genesis of cancer stem cells (CSCs), malignant tumor initiation and progression, cancer metastasis, and drug resistance. Although the role of oncEMT in tumorigenesis has recently been extensively studied, the initiation of oncEMT is not clearly understood, and its mechanisms of action are still unknown. Emerging evidence suggests that oncEMT is a complex process, which involves multiple endogenous and exogenous factors. Overexpression of several oncogenes and reprogramming factors in precancerous and cancerous cells, including Ras, Myc, Bmi-1, Oct4, Nanog, Slug, Twist, Zeb1, and Zeb2, may initiate oncEMT and tumorigenesis. Defects in key tumor suppressors, such as p53, PTEN, CCN6 protein, and p21 also are associated with oncEMT. MicroRNA (miRNA) may also play a role in the oncEMT. Furthermore, exogenous factors, including chemical carcinogens, viruses, radiation, hypoxia, and acidic microenvironment, can drive oncEMT. Moreover, various growth factors derived from either malignant tumor cells or tumor-associated non-tumor cells in the cancer microenvironment can promote oncEMT. Together, the endogenous and exogenous factors, as well as a hostile cancer microenvironment, initiate the oncEMT program through diverse signaling pathways and networks. However, the dynamic process of initiating oncEMT and the mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Further characterization of the dynamics and mechanisms of the oncEMT will provide new insights into oncogenesis, as well as identify specific oncEMT markers and targets for early diagnosis of cancer and novel anti-cancer drug discovery.
Keywords: Cancer stem cells, EMT, microenvironment, miRNA, oncogene, tumor metastasis, tumor suppressor.
Current Cancer Drug Targets
Title:Decoding the Knots of Initiation of Oncogenic Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Tumor Progression
Volume: 13 Issue: 9
Author(s): Pengda Guo, Aidi Gao, Gaochuan Zhang, Hongyan Han and Quansheng Zhou
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cancer stem cells, EMT, microenvironment, miRNA, oncogene, tumor metastasis, tumor suppressor.
Abstract: Oncogenic epithelial-mesenchymal transition (oncEMT) plays important roles in the genesis of cancer stem cells (CSCs), malignant tumor initiation and progression, cancer metastasis, and drug resistance. Although the role of oncEMT in tumorigenesis has recently been extensively studied, the initiation of oncEMT is not clearly understood, and its mechanisms of action are still unknown. Emerging evidence suggests that oncEMT is a complex process, which involves multiple endogenous and exogenous factors. Overexpression of several oncogenes and reprogramming factors in precancerous and cancerous cells, including Ras, Myc, Bmi-1, Oct4, Nanog, Slug, Twist, Zeb1, and Zeb2, may initiate oncEMT and tumorigenesis. Defects in key tumor suppressors, such as p53, PTEN, CCN6 protein, and p21 also are associated with oncEMT. MicroRNA (miRNA) may also play a role in the oncEMT. Furthermore, exogenous factors, including chemical carcinogens, viruses, radiation, hypoxia, and acidic microenvironment, can drive oncEMT. Moreover, various growth factors derived from either malignant tumor cells or tumor-associated non-tumor cells in the cancer microenvironment can promote oncEMT. Together, the endogenous and exogenous factors, as well as a hostile cancer microenvironment, initiate the oncEMT program through diverse signaling pathways and networks. However, the dynamic process of initiating oncEMT and the mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Further characterization of the dynamics and mechanisms of the oncEMT will provide new insights into oncogenesis, as well as identify specific oncEMT markers and targets for early diagnosis of cancer and novel anti-cancer drug discovery.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Guo Pengda, Gao Aidi, Zhang Gaochuan, Han Hongyan and Zhou Quansheng, Decoding the Knots of Initiation of Oncogenic Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Tumor Progression, Current Cancer Drug Targets 2013; 13 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15680096113136660105
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15680096113136660105 |
Print ISSN 1568-0096 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5576 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Cancer Biomarkers and Potential Drug Targets: From Diagnosis to Therapy
Cancer biomarkers play a crucial role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. They provide valuable information for cancer detection, risk assessment, treatment selection, and monitoring response to therapy. With advancements in molecular biology and high-throughput technologies, there has been an increasing interest in identifying and characterizing cancer biomarkers ...read more
Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Target Drug Resistant Tumors
With the development of disciplines such as chemical biology and molecular biology, the genes or proteins closely related to tumor occurrence and development have gradually become clear. Targeted therapies targeting these genes or proteins provide more effective methods for tumor treatment. Tumor targeted drugs generally only act on specific targets ...read more
ROLE OF IMMUNE AND GENOTOXIC RESPONSE BIOMARKERS IN TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT IN CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Biological biomarkers have been used in medical research as an indicator of a normal or abnormal process inside the body, or of a disease. Nowadays, various researchers are in process to explore and investigate the biological markers for the early assessment of cancer. DNA Damage response (DDR) pathways and immune ...read more
Targeting the battlefield between host and tumor: basic research and clinical practice on reshaping tumor immune microenvironment
Immune system protects host against malignant tumors through effector cells and molecules. Cancer development and its response to therapy are regulated by inflammation, which either promotes or suppresses cancer progression. Chronic inflammation facilitates cancer progression and treatment resistance, whereas induction of acute inflammatory reactions often lead to anti-cancer immune responses. ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Antiproliferative Effects of Novel 5-Amino Pyrazole Derivatives against Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Multi-Targeted Agents in Cancer Cell Chemosensitization: What We Learnt from Curcumin Thus Far
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Properties of Cell Sources in Tissue-Engineered Three-dimensional Oral Mucosa Model: A Review
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Strategies for In Vivo siRNA Delivery in Cancer
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry From Ocean to Bedside: the Therapeutic Potential of Molluscan Hemocyanins
Current Medicinal Chemistry Himalayan Plants as a Source of Anti-Cancer Agents: A Review
The Natural Products Journal Oligonucleotides and G-quadruplex Stabilizers: Targeting Telomeres and Telomerase in Cancer Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Colonic Diverticulum Complications
Current Medical Imaging Oxidative Stress and Cancer: The Role of Nrf2
Current Cancer Drug Targets Emerging Potential of Natural Products as an Alternative Strategy to Pharmacological Agents Used Against Metabolic Disorders
Current Drug Metabolism Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Current Status and Future Prospects of Small–molecule Protein–protein Interaction (PPI) Inhibitors of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL)
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Systemic Delivery of Curcumin: 21st Century Solutions for an Ancient Conundrum
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Targeting STEAP1 Protein in Human Cancer: Current Trends and Future Challenges
Current Cancer Drug Targets Genomic and Epigenetic Complexity of the FOXF1 Locus in 16q24.1: Implications for Development and Disease
Current Genomics Gemcitabine: A Critical Nucleoside for Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Lipid-based Nanocarriers As An Alternative for Oral Delivery of Poorly Water- Soluble Drugs: Peroral and Mucosal Routes
Current Medicinal Chemistry 177Lu-DOTA-Bevacizumab: Radioimmunotherapy Agent for Melanoma
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Genetic Susceptibility to Risk for Bladder Cancer in Individuals Working in High Risk Occupations
Current Pharmacogenomics Recent Developments of Platinum-based Anticancer Drugs- Detection and Analysis in Biological Samples
Current Organic Chemistry