Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection commonly results in a myriad of comorbid conditions secondary to immune deficiency. Infection also affects broad organ system function. Although current antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces disease morbidity and mortality through effective control of peripheral viral load, restricted infection in HIV reservoirs including gut, lymphoid and central nervous system tissues, is not eliminated. What underlies these events is, in part, poor ART penetrance into each organ across tissue barriers, viral mutation and the longevity of infected cells. We posit that one means to improve these disease outcomes is through nanotechnology. To this end, this review discusses a broad range of cutting-edge nanomedicines and nanomedicine platforms that are or can be used to improve ART delivery. Discussion points include how polymer-drug conjugates, dendrimers, micelles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles can be harnessed to best yield cell-based delivery systems. When completely developed, such nanomedicine platforms have the potential to clear reservoirs of viral infection.
Keywords: Dendrimers, drug delivery systems, gut associated lymphoid tissue, HIV, HIV reservoir targeted ART, liposomes, lymphoid tissues, micelles, nanomedicine, polymeric nanoparticles.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Development of HIV Reservoir Targeted Long Acting Nanoformulated Antiretroviral Therapies
Volume: 21 Issue: 36
Author(s): Benson J. Edagwa, Tian Zhou, JoEllyn M. McMillan, Xin-Ming Liu and Howard E. Gendelman
Affiliation:
Keywords: Dendrimers, drug delivery systems, gut associated lymphoid tissue, HIV, HIV reservoir targeted ART, liposomes, lymphoid tissues, micelles, nanomedicine, polymeric nanoparticles.
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection commonly results in a myriad of comorbid conditions secondary to immune deficiency. Infection also affects broad organ system function. Although current antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces disease morbidity and mortality through effective control of peripheral viral load, restricted infection in HIV reservoirs including gut, lymphoid and central nervous system tissues, is not eliminated. What underlies these events is, in part, poor ART penetrance into each organ across tissue barriers, viral mutation and the longevity of infected cells. We posit that one means to improve these disease outcomes is through nanotechnology. To this end, this review discusses a broad range of cutting-edge nanomedicines and nanomedicine platforms that are or can be used to improve ART delivery. Discussion points include how polymer-drug conjugates, dendrimers, micelles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles can be harnessed to best yield cell-based delivery systems. When completely developed, such nanomedicine platforms have the potential to clear reservoirs of viral infection.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Edagwa J. Benson, Zhou Tian, McMillan M. JoEllyn, Liu Xin-Ming and Gendelman E. Howard, Development of HIV Reservoir Targeted Long Acting Nanoformulated Antiretroviral Therapies, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2014; 21 (36) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867321666140826114135
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867321666140826114135 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Polo-Like Kinase 1 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Osteosarcoma
Current Pharmaceutical Design Ethanol Metabolism and Effects: Nitric Oxide and its Interaction
Current Clinical Pharmacology Drug Delivery Systems for Brain Tumor Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Rho GTPase Activating Proteins in Cancer Phenotypes
Current Protein & Peptide Science Bugs and Drugs: Oncolytic Virotherapy in Combination with Chemotherapy
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Interacting Kinases 1 and 2 (MNK1 and MNK2) as Targets for Cancer Therapy: Recent Progress in the Development of MNK Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry ER Stress and Autophagy
Current Molecular Medicine Synthesis of 99mTc-Nimotuzumab with Tricarbonyl Ion: in vitro and in vivo Studies
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Pharmacological Modulation of Sphingolipids and Role in Disease and Cancer Cell Biology
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Positron Emitting Tracers in Pre-Clinical Drug Development
Current Radiopharmaceuticals <i>DBX2</i> Promotes Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation by Regulating <i>REST</i> Expression
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Recent Trends of Biocompatible and Biodegradable Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery: A Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Persistent Current Blockers of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: A Clinical Opportunity for Controlling Metastatic Disease
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Pharmacological Strategies to Increase the Antitumor Activity of Methylating Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry In Vivo Anticancer Activity, Toxicology and Histopathological Studies of the Thiolate Gold(I) Complex [Au(Spyrimidine)(PTA-CH<sub>2</sub>Ph)]Br
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Key Epigenetic Events Involved in the Maintenance of Breast Cancer Stem Cells
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy PEGylated Peptide-Based Imaging Agents for Targeted Molecular Imaging
Current Protein & Peptide Science Targeting JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway in Inflammatory Diseases
Current Signal Transduction Therapy A Novel Polyarginine Containing Smac Peptide Conjugate that Mediates Cell Death in Tumor and Healthy Cells
Medicinal Chemistry Targeted Radiosensitization in Prostate Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design