Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), the first gas known to act as a biological messenger, is one of the most widely studied free radical/gas in medicine, both for its biological function and therapeutic applications. The measurement of endogenous NO in exhaled air is widely used in the evaluation of lung disorders. Partitioning of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is of increasing interest because of the additional information about lung pathology and distal lung inflammation that can be obtained. Specifically, measuring exhaled NO at multiple flow rates allows assessment of the flow-independent NO parameters: alveolar NO concentration (CalvNO), bronchial NO flux (JNO), bronchial wall NO concentration (CWNO), and bronchial diffusing capacity of NO (DNO). Several studies have reported that there were different patterns of those parameters in different airway diseases and/or in different severities of the same disease, mostly in asthma. Specifically, while JNO seems to provide the same information as FeNO50, alveolar NO concentration appears to be an independent parameter that is putatively associated with increased distal lung inflammation and more severe disease. However, despite much research interest in partitioning exhaled NO, clinical usefulness has yet to be established.
Keywords: Alveolar NO concentration, Bronchial NO flux, Bronchial wall NO concentration, Bronchial diffusing capacity, Exhaled nitric oxide, Two-compartment model.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:The Role of Flow-Independent Exhaled Nitric Oxide Parameters in the Assessment of Airway Diseases
Volume: 16 Issue: 14
Author(s): Emmanouil Paraskakis, Eleni Vergadi, Athanasios Chatzimichael and Andrew Bush
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alveolar NO concentration, Bronchial NO flux, Bronchial wall NO concentration, Bronchial diffusing capacity, Exhaled nitric oxide, Two-compartment model.
Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO), the first gas known to act as a biological messenger, is one of the most widely studied free radical/gas in medicine, both for its biological function and therapeutic applications. The measurement of endogenous NO in exhaled air is widely used in the evaluation of lung disorders. Partitioning of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is of increasing interest because of the additional information about lung pathology and distal lung inflammation that can be obtained. Specifically, measuring exhaled NO at multiple flow rates allows assessment of the flow-independent NO parameters: alveolar NO concentration (CalvNO), bronchial NO flux (JNO), bronchial wall NO concentration (CWNO), and bronchial diffusing capacity of NO (DNO). Several studies have reported that there were different patterns of those parameters in different airway diseases and/or in different severities of the same disease, mostly in asthma. Specifically, while JNO seems to provide the same information as FeNO50, alveolar NO concentration appears to be an independent parameter that is putatively associated with increased distal lung inflammation and more severe disease. However, despite much research interest in partitioning exhaled NO, clinical usefulness has yet to be established.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Paraskakis Emmanouil, Vergadi Eleni, Chatzimichael Athanasios and Bush Andrew, The Role of Flow-Independent Exhaled Nitric Oxide Parameters in the Assessment of Airway Diseases, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 16 (14) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026616666150930121330
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026616666150930121330 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Clinical Evidence of Herb-Drug Interactions: A Systematic Review by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration
Current Drug Metabolism Endogenous Cardioprotective Agents: Role in Pre and Postconditioning
Current Drug Targets Musculoskeletal Adverse Drug Reactions: A Review of Literature and Data from ADR Spontaneous Reporting Databases
Current Drug Safety Bipolar Affective Disorder in Young People: A Review
Adolescent Psychiatry Short Term, Low Dose Simvastatin Pretreatment Alters Memory Immune Function Following Secondary Staphylococcus aureus Infection
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The Role of Dietary Fats in Hypertension, Obesity and Insulin Resistance: A Comparative Study of Animals and Humans in Fetal and Adult Life
Current Nutrition & Food Science Molecular Targeted Approaches to Cancer Therapy and Prevention Using Chalcones
Current Cancer Drug Targets Optimization of Time Controlled 6-mercaptopurine Delivery for Site- Specific Targeting to Colon Diseases
Current Drug Delivery The Potential of p38 MAPK Inhibitors to Modulate Periodontal Infections
Current Drug Metabolism NF-κB, a Potential Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Climate Changes and Human Health: A Review of the Effect of Environmental Stressors on Cardiovascular Diseases Across Epidemiology and Biological Mechanisms
Current Pharmaceutical Design Time Recall; Future Concept of Chronomodulating Chemotherapy for Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Structure-Activity Relationships of Histamine H1-Receptor Agonists
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry A Review on the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Naringin and Its Therapeutic Efficacies in Respiratory Diseases
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Curcumin as an Anti-Cancer Agent: Review of the Gap Between Basic and Clinical Applications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Genetic Determinants of Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection and Post-Bronchiolitis Wheeze: A Systematic Review
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Novel Delivery Systems for Anti-Allergic Agents: Allergic Disease and Innovative Treatments
Current Drug Delivery Polymeric Drug Delivery Approaches for Colon Targeting: A Review
Drug Delivery Letters Inhibitory Role of Resveratrol in the Development of Profibrogenesis and Fibrosis Mechanisms
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Treatment for Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Late Effects: Spoiled for Choice or Looking in the Wrong Direction?
Current Drug Targets