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Current Alzheimer Research

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1567-2050
ISSN (Online): 1875-5828

Hippocampal Subfield Atrophies in Converted and Not-Converted Mild Cognitive Impairments Patients by a Markov Random Fields Algorithm

Author(s): Roberta Vasta, Antonio Augimeri, Antonio Cerasa, Salvatore Nigro, Vera Gramigna, Matteo Nonnis, Federico Rocca, Giancarlo Zito, Aldo Quattrone and for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Volume 13, Issue 5, 2016

Page: [566 - 574] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1567205013666160120151457

Price: $65

Abstract

Although measurement of total hippocampal volume is considered as an important hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), recent evidence demonstrated that atrophies of hippocampal subregions might be more sensitive in predicting this neurodegenerative disease. The vast majority of neuroimaging papers investigating this topic are focused on the difference between AD and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), not considering the impact of MCI patients who will or not convert in AD. For this reason, the aim of this study was to determine if measurements of hippocampal subfields provide advantages over total hippocampal volume for discriminating these groups. Hippocampal subfields volumetry was extracted in 55 AD, 32 converted and 89 not-converted MCI (c/nc-MCI) and 47 healthy controls, using an atlas-based automatic algorithm based on Markov random fields embedded in the Freesurfer framework. To evaluate the impact of hippocampal atrophy in discriminating the insurgence of AD-like phenotypes we used three classification methods: Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayesian Classifier and Neural Networks Classifier. Taking into account only the total hippocampal volume, all classification models, reached a sensitivity of about 66% in discriminating between c-MCI and nc-MCI. Otherwise, classification analysis considering all segmenting subfields increased accuracy to diagnose c-MCI from 68% to 72%. This effect resulted to be strongly dependent upon atrophies of the subiculum and presubiculum. Our multivariate analysis revealed that the magnitude of the difference considering hippocampal subfield volumetry, as segmented by the considered atlas-based automatic algorithm, offers an advantage over hippocampal volume in distinguishing early AD from nc-MCI.

Keywords: Atrophy, automated segmentation, classification models, freesurfer, hippocampal subfields, mild cognitive impairment, volumetry.


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