Abstract
As a pathological product of bovine gallbladder, natural Calculus Bovis (CB) has a long history in Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat many diseases such as: stroke,coma, delirium, epilepsy, encephalitis B, etc. Experimental studies showed that natural CB had effects on central nervous system, cardiovascular system, inflammation, etc. Recent analyses confirmed that bilirubin composed the main proportion of all CB components. Preclinical researches demonstrated that bilirubin had ischemia protection, antiinflammation, anti-cancer, anti-virus, erythropoiesis, anti-pyretic, immune function protection, and cardiovascular effects. Mechanism investigations indicated bilirubin as a powerful antioxidant. Bilirubin also inhibited inflammatory factors and complement. Here, we suggest bilirubin may account for many effects of CB, and has potential therapeutic prospects.
Keywords: Antioxidant, bilirubin, biliverdin, heme oxygenase, natural Calculus Bovis, therapeutic.
Current Signal Transduction Therapy
Title:Therapeutic Indications and Action Mechanisms of Bilirubin: Suggestions from Natural Calculus Bovis
Volume: 11 Issue: 1
Author(s): Jijun Chen, Aiqin Wang and Qingqi Chen
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antioxidant, bilirubin, biliverdin, heme oxygenase, natural Calculus Bovis, therapeutic.
Abstract: As a pathological product of bovine gallbladder, natural Calculus Bovis (CB) has a long history in Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat many diseases such as: stroke,coma, delirium, epilepsy, encephalitis B, etc. Experimental studies showed that natural CB had effects on central nervous system, cardiovascular system, inflammation, etc. Recent analyses confirmed that bilirubin composed the main proportion of all CB components. Preclinical researches demonstrated that bilirubin had ischemia protection, antiinflammation, anti-cancer, anti-virus, erythropoiesis, anti-pyretic, immune function protection, and cardiovascular effects. Mechanism investigations indicated bilirubin as a powerful antioxidant. Bilirubin also inhibited inflammatory factors and complement. Here, we suggest bilirubin may account for many effects of CB, and has potential therapeutic prospects.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Chen Jijun, Wang Aiqin and Chen Qingqi, Therapeutic Indications and Action Mechanisms of Bilirubin: Suggestions from Natural Calculus Bovis, Current Signal Transduction Therapy 2016; 11 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574362411666160407212127
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574362411666160407212127 |
Print ISSN 1574-3624 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-389X |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
A Review on Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Pharmacogenomics of Natalizumab: A Humanized Anti-α4 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody
Current Drug Metabolism Disease Modifying Drugs in Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanisms of Action and New Drugs in the Horizon
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Targeting Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the Treatment of Epilepsy
Current Neuropharmacology Convulsions with Gastroenteritis: Reflections on some Cases and Tentative Diagnostic Score
Current Pediatric Reviews Tetraspanins - Gateways for Infection
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Patent Annotations
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Morphology of Atherosclerotic Plaque: Its Feature by Imaging Study
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pediatric Catatonia: Updating An Old Syndrome in Young People
Current Psychiatry Reviews Drug Target in Eosinophilic Meningitis Caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy Presenting as Recurrent Brief Psychotic Episodes in a 13-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report
Adolescent Psychiatry Future Targeted Disease Modifying Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Neurological Manifestations of COVID-19 and the Importance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Vitamin D Analogs- Drug Design Based on Proteins Involved in Vitamin D Signal Transduction
Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Structural Heterogeneity and Multifunctionality of Lactoferrin
Current Protein & Peptide Science Simultaneous HPLC Determination of Metronidazole and Spiramycin in Plasma and Brain of Mouse
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis Drug Effects on Drug Targets: Inhibition of Enzymes by Neuroleptics, Antimycotics,Antibiotics and Other Drugs on Human Pathogenic Amoebas and their Antiproliferative Effects
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Treatment of Severe Cases of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza: Review of Antivirals and Adjuvant Therapy
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Immunomodulation in Trichinellosis: Does Trichinella Really Escape the Host Immune System?
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Targeted Drug Delivery Across the Blood Brain Barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Potential Therapeutic Role of the HMGB1-TLR Pathway in Epilepsy
Current Drug Targets