Abstract
The comorbid prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) with obesity and type II diabetes mellitus reflects the existence of a subset of individuals with a complex common pathophysiology and overlapping risk factors. Such comorbid disease presentations imply a number of difficulties, including: decreased treatment responsivity and adherence; altered glycemic control and increased risk of wider medical complications. A number of factors link MDD to metabolic-associated disorders, including: higher rates of shared risk factors such as poor diet and physical inactivity and biological elements including increased inflammation; insulin resistance; oxidative and nitrosative stress; and mitochondrial dysfunction. All of these biological factors have been extensively investigated in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as MDD. In this review, we aim to: (1) overview the epidemiological links between MDD, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus; (2) discuss the role of synergistic neurotoxic effects in MDD comorbid with obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus; (3) review evidence of intestinal dysbiosis, leaky gut and increased bacterial translocation, in the pathophysiology of MDD, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus; and (4) propose a model in which the gut-brain axis could play a pivotal role in the comorbidity of these disorders.
Keywords: Microbiome, gut, probiotics, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, major depressive disorder, psychiatry.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Intestinal Dysbiosis, Gut Hyperpermeability and Bacterial Translocation: Missing Links Between Depression, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes
Volume: 22 Issue: 40
Author(s): Anastasiya Slyepchenko, Michael Maes, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, George Anderson, Marco Solmi, Yolanda Sanz, Michael Berk, Cristiano A. Köhler and André F. Carvalho
Affiliation:
Keywords: Microbiome, gut, probiotics, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, major depressive disorder, psychiatry.
Abstract: The comorbid prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) with obesity and type II diabetes mellitus reflects the existence of a subset of individuals with a complex common pathophysiology and overlapping risk factors. Such comorbid disease presentations imply a number of difficulties, including: decreased treatment responsivity and adherence; altered glycemic control and increased risk of wider medical complications. A number of factors link MDD to metabolic-associated disorders, including: higher rates of shared risk factors such as poor diet and physical inactivity and biological elements including increased inflammation; insulin resistance; oxidative and nitrosative stress; and mitochondrial dysfunction. All of these biological factors have been extensively investigated in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as MDD. In this review, we aim to: (1) overview the epidemiological links between MDD, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus; (2) discuss the role of synergistic neurotoxic effects in MDD comorbid with obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus; (3) review evidence of intestinal dysbiosis, leaky gut and increased bacterial translocation, in the pathophysiology of MDD, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus; and (4) propose a model in which the gut-brain axis could play a pivotal role in the comorbidity of these disorders.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Slyepchenko Anastasiya, Maes Michael, Machado-Vieira Rodrigo, Anderson George, Solmi Marco, Sanz Yolanda, Berk Michael, Köhler A. Cristiano and Carvalho F. André, Intestinal Dysbiosis, Gut Hyperpermeability and Bacterial Translocation: Missing Links Between Depression, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2016; 22 (40) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160922165706
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160922165706 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Maternal Sepsis 2010: Early Recognition and Aggressive Treatment with Early Goal Directed Therapy can Improve Maternal Outcomes
Current Women`s Health Reviews Recent Trends in the Pharmacological Activity of Isoprenyl Phenolics
Current Medicinal Chemistry Key Relevance of Epigenetic Programming of Adiponectin Gene in Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Curcumin Reverts the Protein Differential Expression in the Liver of the Diabetic Obese db/db Mice
Current Proteomics Assessment of Prescription Pattern in Asthma Therapy at Shamli Hospitals
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Syntheses, Transformations and Pharmaceutical Applications of Kynurenic Acid Derivatives
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Impact of Metabolic Disease Associated with Metabolic Syndrome on Human Pregnancy
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Induction and Amelioration of Environmental Stress in Isolated Islets Until Transplantation
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Abnormal Insulin Signaling: Early Detection of Silent Coronary Artery Disease-Erectile Dysfunction?
Current Pharmaceutical Design More Effective DPP4 Inhibitors as Antidiabetics Based on Sitagliptin Applied QSAR and Clinical Methods
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design Taxation as Prevention and as a Treatment for Obesity: The Case of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages
Current Pharmaceutical Design Thymosin β4 Protein Therapy for Cardiac Repair
Current Pharmaceutical Design Recent Advances in Immune Modulation
Current Gene Therapy The FDG-PET Revolution of Medical Imaging – Four Decades and Beyond
Current Molecular Imaging (Discontinued) Pharmacologic Treatment for Prehypertension: To Treat or Not to Treat?
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Substance Abuse, HIV-1 and Hepatitis
Current HIV Research From Pharmacotherapy to Pathophysiology: Emerging Mechanisms of Apolipoprotein D in Psychiatric Disorders
Current Molecular Medicine Vasopeptidase Inhibition for Blood Pressure Control: Emerging Experience
Current Pharmaceutical Design Curcumin Loaded and Co-loaded Nanosystems: A Review from a Biological Activity Enhancement Perspective
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Mechanisms of Incretin Effects on Plasma Lipids and Implications for the Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry