Abstract
Ischemic brain injury is implicated in the pathophysiology of stroke and brain trauma, which are among the top killers worldwide, and intensive studies have been performed to reduce neural cell death after cerebral ischemia. Alpha 2- adrenergic agonists have been shown to improve the histomorphological and neurological outcome after cerebral ischemic injury when administered during ischemia, and recent studies have provided considerable evidence that alpha 2-adrenergic agonists can protect the brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Thus, alpha 2-adrenergic agonists are promising potential drugs in preventing cerebral ischemic injury, but the mechanisms by which alpha 2-adrenergic agonists exert their neuroprotective effect are unclear. Activation of both the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor and imidazoline receptor may be involved. This mini review examines the recent progress in alpha 2-adrenergic agonists - induced neuroprotection and its proposed mechanisms in cerebral ischemic injury.
Keywords: alpha -adrenergic agonist, adrenoceptor, imidazoline receptor, cerebral ischemia, neuroprotection, excitatory amino acids, sympathoinhibition, stroke
Current Neuropharmacology
Title: Neuroprotection by Alpha 2-Adrenergic Agonists in Cerebral Ischemia
Volume: 3 Issue: 4
Author(s): Y. Zhang and H. K. Kimelberg
Affiliation:
Keywords: alpha -adrenergic agonist, adrenoceptor, imidazoline receptor, cerebral ischemia, neuroprotection, excitatory amino acids, sympathoinhibition, stroke
Abstract: Ischemic brain injury is implicated in the pathophysiology of stroke and brain trauma, which are among the top killers worldwide, and intensive studies have been performed to reduce neural cell death after cerebral ischemia. Alpha 2- adrenergic agonists have been shown to improve the histomorphological and neurological outcome after cerebral ischemic injury when administered during ischemia, and recent studies have provided considerable evidence that alpha 2-adrenergic agonists can protect the brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Thus, alpha 2-adrenergic agonists are promising potential drugs in preventing cerebral ischemic injury, but the mechanisms by which alpha 2-adrenergic agonists exert their neuroprotective effect are unclear. Activation of both the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor and imidazoline receptor may be involved. This mini review examines the recent progress in alpha 2-adrenergic agonists - induced neuroprotection and its proposed mechanisms in cerebral ischemic injury.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zhang Y. and Kimelberg K. H., Neuroprotection by Alpha 2-Adrenergic Agonists in Cerebral Ischemia, Current Neuropharmacology 2005; 3 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015905774322534
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015905774322534 |
Print ISSN 1570-159X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6190 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Endothelins and the Role of Endothelin Antagonists in the Management of Posttraumatic Vasospasm
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Flavonoids in Inhibiting IL-6 and Inflammatory Arthritis
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Adiponectin and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Approaches
Current Medicinal Chemistry Peptide Therapeutics in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Current Medicinal Chemistry Proteasomal Inhibition: A Novel Pathway for Prevention of Atherosclerosis and Restenosis
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) The Use of Erythropoietin and its Derivatives to Treat Spinal Cord Injury
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Changing Landscape of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels in Neurovascular Disorders and in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Neuropharmacology In Search for the Troponin of the Kidney
Current Medicinal Chemistry Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Retina and Potential for Protection and Recovery
Current Neuropharmacology Cutting through the Complexities of mTOR for the Treatment of Stroke
Current Neurovascular Research NADPH and Iron May Have an Important Role in Attenuated Mucosal Defense in Helicobacter pylori Infection?
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Molecular and Biochemical Pathways Encompassing Diabetes Mellitus and Dementia
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Antioxidant Enzyme Mimics with Synergism
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Stem Cell Factor and Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor in Treatment of Stroke
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Nucleic Acid Aptamers Against Proteases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Gut-Brain Axis in Gastric Mucosal Damage and Protection
Current Neuropharmacology Role of Ca2+-Sensitive K+ Currents in Controlling Ventricular Repolarization: Possible Implications for Future Antiarrhytmic Drug Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Phenolic Compounds as Antioxidants: Carbonic Anhydrase Isoenzymes Inhibitors
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Naturally Occurring NF-κB Inhibitors
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry New Therapeutic Strategies in Perinatal Stroke
Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders