Abstract
Factor XII, plasma prekallikrein and high molecular weight kininogen were first identified as coagulation proteins in the intrinsic pathway because patients deficient in these proteins had marked prolongation of in vitro surfaceactivated coagulation time. However, deficiencies of these proteins are not associated with clinical bleeding. Paradoxically, studies suggest that these proteins have anticoagulant and profibrinolytic activities. In fact, association between deficiencies of these proteins and thrombosis has been reported. Also, deficiencies of these proteins, auto-antibodies to these proteins and anti-phospholipid antibodies are frequent hemostatis-related abnormalities found in unexplained recurrent aborters. Recently, evidence has accumulated for the presence of the kallikrein-kininogen-kinin system in the fetoplacental unit. Since contact proteins or kallikrein-kininogen-kinin system may play an important role in pregnancy especially in the fetoplacental unit, deficiencies of these proteins and/or auto-antibodies to these proteins may be associated with pregnancy losses. These possibilities will be reviewed, the functions of the individual components will be summarized, and their role in blood coagulation and pregnancy discussed.
Keywords: anti-phospholipid antibody, anti-phosphatidylethanolamine antibody, pregnancy loss, thrombosis, kininogen, factor, prekallikrein, kallikrein-kinin system
Current Drug Targets
Title: Factor XII, Kininogen and Plasma Prekallikrein in Abnormal Pregnancies
Volume: 6 Issue: 5
Author(s): T. Sugi and T. Makino
Affiliation:
Keywords: anti-phospholipid antibody, anti-phosphatidylethanolamine antibody, pregnancy loss, thrombosis, kininogen, factor, prekallikrein, kallikrein-kinin system
Abstract: Factor XII, plasma prekallikrein and high molecular weight kininogen were first identified as coagulation proteins in the intrinsic pathway because patients deficient in these proteins had marked prolongation of in vitro surfaceactivated coagulation time. However, deficiencies of these proteins are not associated with clinical bleeding. Paradoxically, studies suggest that these proteins have anticoagulant and profibrinolytic activities. In fact, association between deficiencies of these proteins and thrombosis has been reported. Also, deficiencies of these proteins, auto-antibodies to these proteins and anti-phospholipid antibodies are frequent hemostatis-related abnormalities found in unexplained recurrent aborters. Recently, evidence has accumulated for the presence of the kallikrein-kininogen-kinin system in the fetoplacental unit. Since contact proteins or kallikrein-kininogen-kinin system may play an important role in pregnancy especially in the fetoplacental unit, deficiencies of these proteins and/or auto-antibodies to these proteins may be associated with pregnancy losses. These possibilities will be reviewed, the functions of the individual components will be summarized, and their role in blood coagulation and pregnancy discussed.
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Cite this article as:
Sugi T. and Makino T., Factor XII, Kininogen and Plasma Prekallikrein in Abnormal Pregnancies, Current Drug Targets 2005; 6 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450054546060
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450054546060 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
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