Abstract
Voltage-clamp techniques are typically used to study the plasma membrane proteins, such as ion channels and transporters that control bioelectrical signals. Many of these proteins have been cloned and can now be studied as potential targets for drug development. The two approaches most commonly used for heterologous expression of cloned ion channels and transporters involve either transfection of the genes into small cells grown in tissue culture or the injection of the genetic material into larger cells. The standard large cells used for the expression of cloned cDNA or synthetic RNA are the egg progenitor cells (oocytes) of the African frog, Xenopus laevis. Until recently, cellular electrophysiology was performed manually by a single operator, one cell at a time. However, methods of high throughput electrophysiology have been developed which are automated and permit data acquisition and analysis from multiple cells in parallel. These methods are breaking a bottleneck in drug discovery, useful in some cases for primary screening as well as for thorough characterization of new drugs. Increasing throughput of high-quality functional data greatly augments the efficiency of academic research and pharmaceutical drug development. Some examples of studies that benefit most from high throughput electrophysiology include pharmaceutical screening of targeted compound libraries, secondary screening of identified compounds for subtype selectivity, screening mutants of ligand-gated channels for changes in receptor function, scanning mutagenesis of protein segments, and mutant-cycle analysis. We describe here the main features and potential applications of OpusXpress, an efficient commercially available system for automated recording from Xenopus oocytes. We show some types of data that have been gathered by this system and review realized and potential applications.
Keywords: unnatural amino acids, Alzheimer's disease, mutant-cycle analysis, voltage clamp, Channelopathies
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening
Title: High Throughput Electrophysiology with Xenopus Oocytes
Volume: 12 Issue: 1
Author(s): Cathy Smith-Maxwell and Roger L. Papke
Affiliation:
Keywords: unnatural amino acids, Alzheimer's disease, mutant-cycle analysis, voltage clamp, Channelopathies
Abstract: Voltage-clamp techniques are typically used to study the plasma membrane proteins, such as ion channels and transporters that control bioelectrical signals. Many of these proteins have been cloned and can now be studied as potential targets for drug development. The two approaches most commonly used for heterologous expression of cloned ion channels and transporters involve either transfection of the genes into small cells grown in tissue culture or the injection of the genetic material into larger cells. The standard large cells used for the expression of cloned cDNA or synthetic RNA are the egg progenitor cells (oocytes) of the African frog, Xenopus laevis. Until recently, cellular electrophysiology was performed manually by a single operator, one cell at a time. However, methods of high throughput electrophysiology have been developed which are automated and permit data acquisition and analysis from multiple cells in parallel. These methods are breaking a bottleneck in drug discovery, useful in some cases for primary screening as well as for thorough characterization of new drugs. Increasing throughput of high-quality functional data greatly augments the efficiency of academic research and pharmaceutical drug development. Some examples of studies that benefit most from high throughput electrophysiology include pharmaceutical screening of targeted compound libraries, secondary screening of identified compounds for subtype selectivity, screening mutants of ligand-gated channels for changes in receptor function, scanning mutagenesis of protein segments, and mutant-cycle analysis. We describe here the main features and potential applications of OpusXpress, an efficient commercially available system for automated recording from Xenopus oocytes. We show some types of data that have been gathered by this system and review realized and potential applications.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Smith-Maxwell Cathy and Papke L. Roger, High Throughput Electrophysiology with Xenopus Oocytes, Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 2009; 12 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138620709787047975
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138620709787047975 |
Print ISSN 1386-2073 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5402 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Artificial Intelligence Methods for Biomedical, Biochemical and Bioinformatics Problems
Recently, a large number of technologies based on artificial intelligence have been developed and applied to solve a diverse range of problems in the areas of biomedical, biochemical and bioinformatics problems. By utilizing powerful computing resources and massive amounts of data, methods based on artificial intelligence can significantly improve the ...read more
Emerging trends in diseases mechanisms, noble drug targets and therapeutic strategies: focus on immunological and inflammatory disorders
Recently infectious and inflammatory diseases have been a key concern worldwide due to tremendous morbidity and mortality world Wide. Recent, nCOVID-9 pandemic is a good example for the emerging infectious disease outbreak. The world is facing many emerging and re-emerging diseases out breaks at present however, there is huge lack ...read more
Exploring Spectral Graph Theory in Combinatorial Chemistry
Scope of the Thematic Issue: Combinatorial chemistry involves the synthesis and analysis of a large number of diverse compounds simultaneously. Traditional methods rely on brute force experimentation, which can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. Spectral Graph Theory, a branch of mathematics dealing with the properties of graphs in relation to the ...read more
Integrating Network Pharmacology and Traditional Medicine: A New Perspective in Drug Mechanism Research
Network pharmacology is a network construction and network topology analysis strategy that combines pharmacology and pharmacodynamics. In recent years, network pharmacology has emerged as a powerful tool that can be integrated with pharmacology. Natural products commonly function in multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway systems. Some examples encompass Ayurveda, traditional Chinese medicines ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: What we have Learned in the Last 25 Years? (A Comparative Literature Review)
Current Cardiology Reviews Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms of Betel miRNAs on Human Health
MicroRNA A Review of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) in the Treatment of Addictions: Historical Perspectives and Future Prospects
Current Drug Abuse Reviews Fibromyalgia: Mechanisms, Current Treatment and Animal Models
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Pharmacokinetics of Topical Ocular Drug Delivery: Potential Uses for the Treatment of Diseases of the Posterior Segment and Beyond
Current Drug Metabolism A Focus on Microfluidics and Nanotechnology Approaches for the Ultra Sensitive Detection of MicroRNA
MicroRNA Cold-induced Anaphylaxis: The Case of a 9-year-old Child and Review of the Literature
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Immunogenicity, Immunopathogenicity, and Immunotolerance in One Graph
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Towards a “Metabolic” Subtype of Major Depressive Disorder: Shared Pathophysiological Mechanisms May Contribute to Cognitive Dysfunction
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Hybrid SPECT/CT Imaging in Neurology
Current Radiopharmaceuticals New Anticonvulsant Agents
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Rapid Quantification of Neurons and Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Adult Mouse Brain by Flow Cytometry
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery NAP (Davunetide) Provides Functional and Structural Neuroprotection
Current Pharmaceutical Design From Discovery to the Coming Generation of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacology of Recombinant Low-Voltage Activated Calcium Channels
Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders Malononitrile as a Key Reagent in Multicomponent Reactions for the Synthesis of Pharmaceutically Important Pyridines
Current Organic Chemistry Nanoemulgel: A Promising Phase in Drug Delivery
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Pinus eldarica on Hippocampal Tissue Oxidative Damage in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Rat
Current Nutrition & Food Science Targeted Toxins for Glioblastoma Multiforme: Pre-Clinical Studies and Clinical Implementation
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Antitumor Potential and Possible Targets of Phenothiazine-Related Compounds
Current Drug Targets