Abstract
During this past decade, science and engineering have seen a rapid increase in interest for nanoscale materials with dimensions less than 100 nm, which lie in the intermediate state between atoms and bulk (solid) materials. Their attributes are significantly altered relative to the corresponding bulk materials as they exhibit size dependent behavior such as quantum size effects (depending on bulk Bohr radius), optical absorption and emission, coulomb staircase behavior (electrical transport), superparamagnetism and various unique properties. They are active components of ferrofluids, recording tape, flexible disk recording media along with potential future applications in spintronics: a new paradigm of electronics utilizing intrinsic charge and spin of electrons for ultra-high-density data storage and quantum computing. They are used in a gamut of biomedical applications: bioseparation of biological entities, therapeutic drugs and gene delivery, radiofrequency-induced destruction of cells and tumors (hyperthermia), and contrast-enhancement agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The magnetic nanoparticles have optimizable, controllable sizes enabling their comparison to cells (10-100 μm), viruses (20-250 nm), proteins (3-50 nm), and genes (10-100 nm). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provide necessary characterization methods that enable accurate structural and functional analysis of interaction of the biofunctional particles with the target bioentities. The goal of the present discussion is to provide a broad review of magnetic nanoparticle research with a special focus on the synthesis, functionalization and medical applications of these particles, which have been carried out during the past decade, and to examine several prospective directions.
Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticles, nanomedicine, synthesis, drug delivery, gene therapy, hyperthermia, MRI, biosensor
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Nanomedicine: Magnetic Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Applications
Volume: 17 Issue: 27
Author(s): R. Banerjee, Y. Katsenovich, L. Lagos, M. McIintosh, X. Zhang and C.-Z. Li
Affiliation:
Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticles, nanomedicine, synthesis, drug delivery, gene therapy, hyperthermia, MRI, biosensor
Abstract: During this past decade, science and engineering have seen a rapid increase in interest for nanoscale materials with dimensions less than 100 nm, which lie in the intermediate state between atoms and bulk (solid) materials. Their attributes are significantly altered relative to the corresponding bulk materials as they exhibit size dependent behavior such as quantum size effects (depending on bulk Bohr radius), optical absorption and emission, coulomb staircase behavior (electrical transport), superparamagnetism and various unique properties. They are active components of ferrofluids, recording tape, flexible disk recording media along with potential future applications in spintronics: a new paradigm of electronics utilizing intrinsic charge and spin of electrons for ultra-high-density data storage and quantum computing. They are used in a gamut of biomedical applications: bioseparation of biological entities, therapeutic drugs and gene delivery, radiofrequency-induced destruction of cells and tumors (hyperthermia), and contrast-enhancement agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The magnetic nanoparticles have optimizable, controllable sizes enabling their comparison to cells (10-100 μm), viruses (20-250 nm), proteins (3-50 nm), and genes (10-100 nm). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provide necessary characterization methods that enable accurate structural and functional analysis of interaction of the biofunctional particles with the target bioentities. The goal of the present discussion is to provide a broad review of magnetic nanoparticle research with a special focus on the synthesis, functionalization and medical applications of these particles, which have been carried out during the past decade, and to examine several prospective directions.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Banerjee R., Katsenovich Y., Lagos L., McIintosh M., Zhang X. and Li C.-Z., Nanomedicine: Magnetic Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Applications, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2010; 17 (27) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986710791959765
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986710791959765 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Hydrogen Sulfide in Physiological and Pathological Mechanisms in Brain
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Endothelin Receptor Antagonists: A New Therapeutic Option for Improving the Outcome after Solid Organ Transplantation?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Role of Diagnostic Ultrasound in Patient Selection for Stroke Intervention
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Molecular Imaging of Apoptosis In Vivo with Scintigraphic and Optical Biomarkers – A Status Report
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Myopericarditis, as the First Sign of Rheumatoid Arthritis Relapse, Evaluated by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Managing Comorbidity in COPD: A Difficult Task
Current Drug Targets Cardiac Protection via Metabolic Modulation: An Emerging Role for Incretin-Based Therapies?
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Biologics and the Cardiovascular System: A Double-Edged Sword
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The First Line of Defense Against Cardiac Hypertrophy
Current Molecular Medicine Calcium Sensitizers in Cardiac Surgery: Who, When, How and Why?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Physiological and Pathological Functions of Acid-Sensing Ion Channels in the Central Nervous System
Current Drug Targets Non-Invasive Approaches to Visualize the Endothelin Axis In Vivo Using State-of-the-Art Molecular Imaging Modalities
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Tailoring NO Donors Metallopharmaceuticals: Ruthenium Nitrosyl Ammines and Aliphatic Tetraazamacrocycles
Current Medicinal Chemistry Role of Nitrosative Stress and Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Activation in Myocardial Reperfusion Injury
Current Vascular Pharmacology Emerging Role of NF-κB in the Pathogenesis of Hepatic Encephalopathy
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Toxicities of Targeted Agents in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Current Clinical Pharmacology Quetiapine to Treat Agitation in Dementia: A Randomized, Double-Blind,Placebo-Controlled Study
Current Alzheimer Research Enhancing Cardiovascular Dynamics by Inhibition of Thrombospondin- 1/CD47 Signaling
Current Drug Targets Role of PARP Inhibitors in Cancer Biology and Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Modulation of Cardiac Metabolism During Myocardial Ischemia
Current Pharmaceutical Design