Abstract
The aim of this paper is to review the latest data on the pharmacological modulation of asymmetric dimethylarginine in human disease. When the terminal nitrogens of the guanidine portion of an arginine become methylated through the action of N-methyl transferases, two chemically close, but physiologically different amino acids are synthesized: symmetric and asymmetric dimethylarginine. The vascular origin of asymmetric dimethylarginine and its inhibitory activity on endothelial nitric oxide synthase give it an important role in certain diseases in which microcirculation is compromised: hypertension, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes. This review discusses the role that asymmetric dimethylarginine plays in the development of vascular disease, and, wherever possible, evaluates its use in clinical diagnosis. The fact that a number of chemically unrelated drugs, such as angiotensin II antagonists, selective beta- 1 adrenergic antagonists, plant phenolics, statins, and farnesoid X receptor agonists have all been found to reduce dimethylarginine levels in plasma or tissue allows for an integrated study. Although it is difficult to determine exactly why these various agents all have the same effect on arginine metabolism, an explanation of their mechanisms of action is needed. We have thus analyzed the mechanisms involved and reviewed potential trends in the therapeutic use of these drugs.
Keywords: Asymmetric dimethylarginine, cardiovascular diseases, nitric oxide, protein post translational modifications
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Pharmacological Interventions on Asymmetric Dimethylarginine, a Clinical Marker of Vascular Disease
Volume: 18 Issue: 5
Author(s): M. Marin and S. Manez
Affiliation:
Keywords: Asymmetric dimethylarginine, cardiovascular diseases, nitric oxide, protein post translational modifications
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to review the latest data on the pharmacological modulation of asymmetric dimethylarginine in human disease. When the terminal nitrogens of the guanidine portion of an arginine become methylated through the action of N-methyl transferases, two chemically close, but physiologically different amino acids are synthesized: symmetric and asymmetric dimethylarginine. The vascular origin of asymmetric dimethylarginine and its inhibitory activity on endothelial nitric oxide synthase give it an important role in certain diseases in which microcirculation is compromised: hypertension, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes. This review discusses the role that asymmetric dimethylarginine plays in the development of vascular disease, and, wherever possible, evaluates its use in clinical diagnosis. The fact that a number of chemically unrelated drugs, such as angiotensin II antagonists, selective beta- 1 adrenergic antagonists, plant phenolics, statins, and farnesoid X receptor agonists have all been found to reduce dimethylarginine levels in plasma or tissue allows for an integrated study. Although it is difficult to determine exactly why these various agents all have the same effect on arginine metabolism, an explanation of their mechanisms of action is needed. We have thus analyzed the mechanisms involved and reviewed potential trends in the therapeutic use of these drugs.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Marin M. and Manez S., Pharmacological Interventions on Asymmetric Dimethylarginine, a Clinical Marker of Vascular Disease, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2011; 18 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986711794480087
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986711794480087 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Novel Approaches to the Pharmacotherapy of Obesity
Current Pharmaceutical Design Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Induced Angioedema – An Overlooked Adverse Drug Reaction?
Current Diabetes Reviews Outcome Prediction after Non-aneurysmal Non-traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Current Neurovascular Research Management of the Low Cardiac Output Syndrome Following Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews Emerging Roles for Vasoactive Peptides in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies Against Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Protein & Peptide Science Diet and Metabolic Syndrome
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Vascular Sex Hormone Receptors and their Specific Modulators in the Management of Postmenopausal Cardiovascular Disease
Current Hypertension Reviews Editorial (Thematic Issue: Novel Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targets (Part-II))
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Novel Therapeutic Strategy Against Vascular Disorders with Chymase Inhibitor
Current Vascular Pharmacology Cerebral Aneurysm as an Exacerbating Factor in Stroke Pathology and a Therapeutic Target for Neuroprotection
Current Pharmaceutical Design Marine Peptides for Preventing Metabolic Syndrome
Current Protein & Peptide Science Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in an Adolescent: A Case Report and Discussion of Treatment
Adolescent Psychiatry Adverse Drug Reactions Amongst Adult Patients Admitted in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Lagos, Nigeria
Current Drug Safety Diabetic Retinopathy and Angiogenesis
Current Diabetes Reviews Effect of Antipsychotic Drugs on Cerebrovascular Morbidity and Mortality: A Systematic Review
Current Drug Therapy Leptin- and Leptin Receptor-Deficient Rodent Models: Relevance for Human Type 2 Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews High Throughput Metabolomics in Clinical Studies: Review and New Applications to Remote Ischemic Preconditioning
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Prognostic Role of miRNAs in Coronary Artery Disease
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Novel Carriers for Coenzyme Q10 Delivery
Current Drug Delivery Development and Clinical use of Prasugrel and Ticagrelor
Current Pharmaceutical Design