Abstract
Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is involved in the synthesis of very low density lipoprotein in the liver. Its deficiency results in abetalipoproteinemia. MTP inhibitors target the assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. These agents may potentially play a role, alone or in combination, in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia. Clinical applications of MTP inhibitors initially focused primarily on high-dose monotherapy in order to produce substantial reductions in LDL-cholesterol levels but these proved to induce significant hepatic steatosis and transaminase elevations. However, likely orphan indications for MTP inhibitors, where a different risk-benefit profile applies, which includes patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia where statins often show a low response. Development of MTP inhibitors has continued to enter clinical trials at lower doses or in formulations aimed at utilizing their efficacy while avoiding their side effects. These have shown promising results in reducing cholesterol, triglycerides and apolipoprotein B with a far lower incidence of, often, transient side-effects. The clinical efficacy and safety of MTP inhibition in patients with hyperlipidemia remains to be fully determined and to be proven in both surrogate and clinical endpoint trials but there may be a role for these agents in orphan indications for rarer sever hyperlipidemias.
Keywords: MTP-inhibitors, lipids, lipoproteins, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular prevention, abetalipoproteinemia, steatosis, nicotinic acid, atherogenicity, buoyant, asymptomatic, apolipoprotein, gemfibrozil, implitapide, lomitapide, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, aminotransferase, aspartate, efficacy
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: New Lipid Modulating Drugs: The Role of Microsomal Transport Protein Inhibitors
Volume: 17 Issue: 9
Author(s): Manfredi Rizzo and Anthony S. Wierzbicki
Affiliation:
Keywords: MTP-inhibitors, lipids, lipoproteins, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular prevention, abetalipoproteinemia, steatosis, nicotinic acid, atherogenicity, buoyant, asymptomatic, apolipoprotein, gemfibrozil, implitapide, lomitapide, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, aminotransferase, aspartate, efficacy
Abstract: Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is involved in the synthesis of very low density lipoprotein in the liver. Its deficiency results in abetalipoproteinemia. MTP inhibitors target the assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. These agents may potentially play a role, alone or in combination, in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia. Clinical applications of MTP inhibitors initially focused primarily on high-dose monotherapy in order to produce substantial reductions in LDL-cholesterol levels but these proved to induce significant hepatic steatosis and transaminase elevations. However, likely orphan indications for MTP inhibitors, where a different risk-benefit profile applies, which includes patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia where statins often show a low response. Development of MTP inhibitors has continued to enter clinical trials at lower doses or in formulations aimed at utilizing their efficacy while avoiding their side effects. These have shown promising results in reducing cholesterol, triglycerides and apolipoprotein B with a far lower incidence of, often, transient side-effects. The clinical efficacy and safety of MTP inhibition in patients with hyperlipidemia remains to be fully determined and to be proven in both surrogate and clinical endpoint trials but there may be a role for these agents in orphan indications for rarer sever hyperlipidemias.
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Cite this article as:
Rizzo Manfredi and S. Wierzbicki Anthony, New Lipid Modulating Drugs: The Role of Microsomal Transport Protein Inhibitors, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2011; 17 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211795428768
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211795428768 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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