Abstract
The past decade has seen a steady growth in the treatment options available for Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS), as a consequence of our better understanding of ACS pathophysiology. Administration of fibrinolytics in ST-elevation myocardial infarction, and of potent antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs in all ACS, has allowed us to considerably improve their outcome. Yet, the rate of adverse cardiac events at early follow-up ranges from 15% to 20%. Thus, to further improve the outcome of ACS or to prevent their occurrence, it is important to identify new therapeutic target. A number of experimental and clinical studies have highlighted the key role of inflammation in all phases of atherosclerosis, from fatty streaks to disrupted plaques and raised levels of inflammatory markers have been associated to a poor outcome despite optimal treatment, including myocardial revascularization. In this review, we will focus on inflammation as a possible new therapeutic target of ACS, discussing the anti-inflammatory treatments in four sections: 1) non specific anti-inflammatory drugs; 2) specific antagonists of key cytokines; 3) immunomodulatory therapies; 4) immunization as promising therapeutic modality against atherosclerosis.
Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome, Inflammation, Methotrexate, Glucocorticoids, Statins, NSAIDs, COX, Key cytokines antagonists, TNF, IL-1, T-cells
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Anti-inflammatory Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes
Volume: 17 Issue: 37
Author(s): R. Della Bona, G. Liuzzo, D. Pedicino and F. Crea
Affiliation:
Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome, Inflammation, Methotrexate, Glucocorticoids, Statins, NSAIDs, COX, Key cytokines antagonists, TNF, IL-1, T-cells
Abstract: The past decade has seen a steady growth in the treatment options available for Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS), as a consequence of our better understanding of ACS pathophysiology. Administration of fibrinolytics in ST-elevation myocardial infarction, and of potent antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs in all ACS, has allowed us to considerably improve their outcome. Yet, the rate of adverse cardiac events at early follow-up ranges from 15% to 20%. Thus, to further improve the outcome of ACS or to prevent their occurrence, it is important to identify new therapeutic target. A number of experimental and clinical studies have highlighted the key role of inflammation in all phases of atherosclerosis, from fatty streaks to disrupted plaques and raised levels of inflammatory markers have been associated to a poor outcome despite optimal treatment, including myocardial revascularization. In this review, we will focus on inflammation as a possible new therapeutic target of ACS, discussing the anti-inflammatory treatments in four sections: 1) non specific anti-inflammatory drugs; 2) specific antagonists of key cytokines; 3) immunomodulatory therapies; 4) immunization as promising therapeutic modality against atherosclerosis.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Della Bona R., Liuzzo G., Pedicino D. and Crea F., Anti-inflammatory Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2011; 17 (37) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211798764771
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211798764771 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Daunorubicin Metabolism in Leukemic Cells Isolated from Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Drug Metabolism Letters Beta3-Adrenoreceptors in Cardiovasular Diseases: New Roles for an “Old” Receptor
Current Drug Delivery Functional Imaging Combined with Multi-Detector CT: A Radionuclide Imaging Perspective
Current Medical Imaging Pathophysiology and Treatment of Obesity Hypertension
Current Pharmaceutical Design Peptidomimetic Inhibitors of Cathepsin K
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The GH/IGF-1 Axis and Heart Failure
Current Cardiology Reviews Ca2+ Fluxes Involvement in Gene Expression During Cardiac Hypertrophy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors: Potential Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Sclerosis
Current Drug Targets - Inflammation & Allergy The Mechanism of Carvedilol in Experimental Viral Myocarditis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial [Hot Topic: Cardiac Cell Therapy: anno 2011 (Executive Guest Editor: Sophie Van Linthout)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Natriuretic Peptide Family: New Aspects
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents Good at Heart: Preserving Cardiac Metabolism during aging
Current Diabetes Reviews Pathogenic Mechanisms of Trimethylamine N-Oxide-induced Atherosclerosis and Cardiomyopathy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Anti-Thrombotic Therapy Targeted to Von Willebrand Factor
Current Vascular Pharmacology Development of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders and Cancer: Current Drug Design Strategies and Future Directions
Current Medicinal Chemistry Role of Carbon Monoxide in Vascular Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Anesthetic Pharmacology and Perioperative Considerations for Heart Transplantation
Current Clinical Pharmacology Antiplatelet and Anticoagulation Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Ischemic Stroke
Current Pharmaceutical Design MicroRNAs and the Heart: Small Things Do Matter
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Heart Failure Patients: A Test of the Cardiac Disease-induced PTSD Hypothesis
Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews