Abstract
Stroke is a serious neurological disease and the third leading cause of death in the western world. In roughly 15 % of the cases, the cause is due to an intracranial haemorrhage, and the remaining 85 % represent ischemic strokes. Ischemic stroke is caused by the occlusion of a cerebral artery either by an embolus or by local thrombosis. Several studies have shown an involvement of the endothelin system in ischemic stroke. This review aims to examine the alterations of vascular endothelin receptor expression in ischemic stroke. Furthermore, studies of the intracellular signalling pathways leading to the enhanced expression of vascular endothelin receptors show that both protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen activating protein kinase (MAPK) play important roles. The results from this work provide new perspectives on the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, and give a possible explanation to the beneficial effects of treatment with PKC and MAPK inhibitors to limit the infarct volume.
Keywords: Cerebrovascular Endothelin Receptor, Cerebral Ischemia, neurological disease, Ischemic stroke, intracranial haemorrhage, protein kinase C (PKC), MAPK inhibitors
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Cerebrovascular Endothelin Receptor Upregulation in Cerebral Ischemia
Volume: 7 Issue: 1
Author(s): Lars Edvinsson
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cerebrovascular Endothelin Receptor, Cerebral Ischemia, neurological disease, Ischemic stroke, intracranial haemorrhage, protein kinase C (PKC), MAPK inhibitors
Abstract: Stroke is a serious neurological disease and the third leading cause of death in the western world. In roughly 15 % of the cases, the cause is due to an intracranial haemorrhage, and the remaining 85 % represent ischemic strokes. Ischemic stroke is caused by the occlusion of a cerebral artery either by an embolus or by local thrombosis. Several studies have shown an involvement of the endothelin system in ischemic stroke. This review aims to examine the alterations of vascular endothelin receptor expression in ischemic stroke. Furthermore, studies of the intracellular signalling pathways leading to the enhanced expression of vascular endothelin receptors show that both protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen activating protein kinase (MAPK) play important roles. The results from this work provide new perspectives on the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, and give a possible explanation to the beneficial effects of treatment with PKC and MAPK inhibitors to limit the infarct volume.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Edvinsson Lars, Cerebrovascular Endothelin Receptor Upregulation in Cerebral Ischemia, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2009; 7 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016109787354178
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016109787354178 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Arterial Stiffness: Novel Therapeutic Frontiers
Arterial stiffness, a hallmark of cardiovascular disease, poses significant challenges in contemporary healthcare. This thematic issue delves into the multifaceted landscape of arterial stiffness and explores cutting-edge therapeutic interventions aimed at mitigating its adverse effects. Within these pages, readers will find a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying arterial stiffness, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Getting to the Heart of the Matter: Exploring Opportunities for Gene Therapy Treatment of Dystrophic Cardiomyopathy
Current Gene Therapy Optimal Medical Therapy for Coronary Artery Disease in 2011 – Perspectives from the STICH Trial
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Patented Small Molecules Used for Reprogramming
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Anacetrapib: A New Weapon Against Dyslipidemia
Current Clinical Pharmacology Novel Approaches to Study the Involvement of α7-nAChR in Human Diseases
Current Drug Targets Can Serum Uric Acid Lowering Therapy Contribute to the Prevention or Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease?
Current Vascular Pharmacology A Practical Comprehensive Approach to Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Current Cardiology Reviews Potential Role of Inflammation in Associations between Particulate Matter and Heart Failure
Current Pharmaceutical Design Valsartan Protects Against Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Modulation of Cardiovascular Remodeling with Statins: Fact or Fiction?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Lipid Management for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial (Should Chronic Kidney Disease be Considered as a Coronary Heart Disease Equivalent?)
Current Vascular Pharmacology Regulation of Inflammation and Myocardial Fibrosis in Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Low Osteopontin N-Terminal Fragment and Carotid Plaque Stability Associated with Statin or Antiplatelet Therapy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Editorial [Hot Topic:Dietary Determinants of the Metabolic Syndrome (Guest Editor: Luc Tappy Co-Editors: Jacques Delarue and Kim-Anne Le)]
Current Nutrition & Food Science Genistein: A Phytoestrogen with Multifaceted Therapeutic Properties
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Integrin-Mediated Cell Adhesion in Atherosclerosis: Pathophysiology and Clinical Opportunities
Current Pharmaceutical Design Ventricular and Vascular Stiffening in Aging and Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Signaling
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Stem Cells as In Vitro Models of Disease
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy