Abstract
Endolysosomal proteases such as cysteinyl and aspartyl cathepsins play diverse roles in inflammatory autoimmune diseases, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. Cysteinyl cathepsin B and aspartyl cathepsin D levels are markedly elevated in a variety of neurological disorders including Alzheimers disease (AD), a leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Studies have also shown an increased cathepsin activity in AD patients where senile plaques and neuronal loss are marked features of the disease. Senile plaques contain amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, which is produced by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by the proteases. In this article, we present the current knowledge of cysteinyl and aspartyl cathepsins in cellular and molecular events that lead to formation of senile plaques in AD. This article also focused on the role of cathepsin inhibitors as disease-modifying treatment strategies that could halt, or even prevent, this devastating neurological disorder.
Keywords: Cathepsins, amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, immune responses, autophagy, neurodegeneration, apoptosis, Alzheimer's disease (AD), cathepsin inhibitors
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: New Insights into the Roles of Endolysosomal Cathepsins in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimers Disease: Cathepsin Inhibitors as Potential Therapeutics
Volume: 7 Issue: 3
Author(s): Azizul Haque, Naren L. Banik and Swapan K. Ray
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cathepsins, amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, immune responses, autophagy, neurodegeneration, apoptosis, Alzheimer's disease (AD), cathepsin inhibitors
Abstract: Endolysosomal proteases such as cysteinyl and aspartyl cathepsins play diverse roles in inflammatory autoimmune diseases, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. Cysteinyl cathepsin B and aspartyl cathepsin D levels are markedly elevated in a variety of neurological disorders including Alzheimers disease (AD), a leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Studies have also shown an increased cathepsin activity in AD patients where senile plaques and neuronal loss are marked features of the disease. Senile plaques contain amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, which is produced by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by the proteases. In this article, we present the current knowledge of cysteinyl and aspartyl cathepsins in cellular and molecular events that lead to formation of senile plaques in AD. This article also focused on the role of cathepsin inhibitors as disease-modifying treatment strategies that could halt, or even prevent, this devastating neurological disorder.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Haque Azizul, Banik L. Naren and Ray K. Swapan, New Insights into the Roles of Endolysosomal Cathepsins in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimers Disease: Cathepsin Inhibitors as Potential Therapeutics, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2008; 7 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152708784936653
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152708784936653 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system infectious diseases
Infectious diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) can be divided into bacterial, tuberculous, viral, fungal, parasitic infections, etc. Early etiological treatment is often the most crucial means to reduce the mortality rate of patients with central nervous system infections, reduce complications and sequelae, and improve prognosis. The initial clinical ...read more
Techniques of Drug Repurposing: Delivering a new life to Herbs & Drugs
Of late, with the adaptation of innovative approaches and integration of advancements made towards medical sciences as well as the availability of a wide range of tools; several therapeutic challenges are being translated into viable clinical solutions, with a high degree of efficacy, safety, and selectivity. With a better understanding ...read more
Trends and perspectives in the rational management of CNS disorders
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases enforce a significant global health burden, driving ongoing efforts to improve our understanding and effectiveness of therapy. This issue investigates current advances in the discipline, focusing on the understanding as well as therapeutic handling of various CNS diseases. The issue covers a variety of diseases, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Visualization of Brain Amyloid and Microglial Activation in Mouse Models of Alzheimers Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Neuroprotective Role of Agmatine in Neurological Diseases
Current Neuropharmacology Histamine H3 Antagonists as Wake-Promoting and Pro-Cognitive Agents
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies for Parkinsons Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Is High Oral Dose L-arginine Intake Effective in Leukoaraiosis? Preliminary Data, Study Protocol and Expert’s Opinion
Current Aging Science Editorial [Hot Topic: Innate Immune Responses in CNS Neurodegenerative Diseases (Guest Editors: Hans van Noort and Sandra Amor)]
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Editorial [Hot Topic: Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration and Related Disorders (Guest Editor: Barbara Borroni)]
Current Alzheimer Research Role of Nitric Oxide in Motor Control: Implications for Parkinsons Disease Pathophysiology and Treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Design Alcohol Abuse and HIV Infection: Role of DRD2
Current HIV Research Isatin Hybrids and Their Pharmacological Investigations
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Cholinesterase Inhibitors Slow Decline in Executive Functions, Rather than Memory, in Alzheimers Disease: A 1-Year Observational Study in the Sunnybrook Dementia Cohort
Current Alzheimer Research Editorial (Hot Topic: Biomedical Engineering Imaging)
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Differential Susceptibility of Naive and Differentiated PC-12 Cells to Methylglyoxal-Induced Apoptosis: Influence of Cellular Redox
Current Neurovascular Research Tuberculostatic Drugs Targeting Infections of the Central Nervous System
Anti-Infective Agents A Nanotechnological Approach to the Management of Alzheimer Disease and Type 2 Diabetes
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Treatment Approaches in Elderly Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Renin-Angiotensin System: Role in Cerebrovascular, Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Disease
Protein & Peptide Letters Post-stroke Depression Therapy: Where are we now?
Current Neurovascular Research The Fall in Older Adults: Physical and Cognitive Problems
Current Aging Science Patent Review on Network-based Elderly Healthcare System in the US
Recent Patents on Computer Science