Abstract
Highly specific and tight-binding nucleic acid aptamers have been selected against a variety of molecular targets for over 20 years. A significant proportion of these oligonucleotides display G-quadruplex structures, particularly for DNA aptamers, that enable molecular recognition of their ligands. G-quadruplex structures couple a common scaffold to varying loop motifs that act in target recognition. Here, we review DNA G-quadruplex aptamers and their ligands from a structural and functional perspective. We compare the diversity of DNA G-quadruplex aptamers selected against multiple ligand targets, and consider structure with a particular focus on dissecting the thrombin binding aptamer – thrombin interaction. Therapeutic and analytical applications of DNA G-quadruplex aptamers are also discussed. Understanding DNA G-quadruplex aptamers carries implications not only for therapeutics and diagnostics, but also in the natural biochemistry of guanine-rich nucleic acids.
Keywords: G-quadruplex, aptamer, thrombin, sclerostin, G-quartet, G4 tetrad, SELEX, deoxyribozyme, fibrinogen, fluorescent resonance.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:G-quadruplex DNA Aptamers and their Ligands: Structure, Function and Application
Volume: 18 Issue: 14
Author(s): W. O. Tucker, K. T. Shum and J. A. Tanner
Affiliation:
Keywords: G-quadruplex, aptamer, thrombin, sclerostin, G-quartet, G4 tetrad, SELEX, deoxyribozyme, fibrinogen, fluorescent resonance.
Abstract: Highly specific and tight-binding nucleic acid aptamers have been selected against a variety of molecular targets for over 20 years. A significant proportion of these oligonucleotides display G-quadruplex structures, particularly for DNA aptamers, that enable molecular recognition of their ligands. G-quadruplex structures couple a common scaffold to varying loop motifs that act in target recognition. Here, we review DNA G-quadruplex aptamers and their ligands from a structural and functional perspective. We compare the diversity of DNA G-quadruplex aptamers selected against multiple ligand targets, and consider structure with a particular focus on dissecting the thrombin binding aptamer – thrombin interaction. Therapeutic and analytical applications of DNA G-quadruplex aptamers are also discussed. Understanding DNA G-quadruplex aptamers carries implications not only for therapeutics and diagnostics, but also in the natural biochemistry of guanine-rich nucleic acids.
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Cite this article as:
O. Tucker W., T. Shum K. and A. Tanner J., G-quadruplex DNA Aptamers and their Ligands: Structure, Function and Application, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (14) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212799958477
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212799958477 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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