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ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

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Research Article

The Mediating Effect of Different Exercise Programs on the Immune Profile of Frail Older Women with Cognitive Impairment

Author(s): Guilherme E. Furtado*, Matheus U. Chupel, Lucielle G. Minuzzi, Luís Rama, Juan C. Colado, Eef Hogervorst, José P. Ferreira and Ana M. Teixeira*

Volume 26, Issue 9, 2020

Page: [906 - 915] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200203123258

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Frail individuals experience an accelerated immunosenescence, and exercise has been identified as a therapy to promote a better inflammatory environment.

Objective: To analyze the effects of 28-weeks of two different exercise protocols on the functional fitness and immune profiles of institutionalized pre-frail and frail women with mild cognitive impairment.

Methods: Participants residing in care homes (n=60, 81±7.84 years old) were randomized into three groups: a chair elastic band muscle-strength exercise (CSE, n=21; 81±4.79), a chair multimodal exercise (CME, n=20; 80±8.19), and a control non-exercise (CGne, n=19; 80±10.01). Both CME and CSE groups performed progressive circuit-training exercise sessions. The controls did not change their usual lifestyle. The Fried protocol and the Mini-Mental State Examination questionnaire were used to identify the frail subgroups and the participants with mild cognitive impairment. Data for anti and pro-inflammatory markers and physical fitness were analyzed pre and post-interventions.

Results: After the intervention, a significant effect of time and time by group for sIgA and time by group for IL- 10 levels were found (p > 0.05). Within-group analysis showed a significant moderate decrease in the TNF-α to IL-10 ratio for the CME group and an increase in the controls (p > 0.05) and a slight reduction in the IL-6 and IL- 1β concentrations. The controls showed a negative trend towards a decrease in physical fitness and a trend for increased levels in the pro-inflammatory markers IL-6 and IL-1β.

Conclusion: The evidence regarding the use of systematic and moderate long-term exercise as therapy for promoting a better balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory environments and a decrease in the inflammatory index for the CME group were the most promising results from this study.

Keywords: Frail older adults, muscle-strength, multimodal, exercise, cytokines, inflammation, upper respiratory tract infector.

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