Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 0929-8673
ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe Translate in Chinese
Review Article

Exploring the Recent Trends in Management of Dementia and Frailty: Focus on Diagnosis and Treatment

Author(s): Md. Mominur Rahman*, Sadia Afsana Mim, Md. Rezaul Islam, Anwar Parvez, Fahadul Islam, Mohammad Borhan Uddin, Md. Saidur Rahaman, Pollob Ahmed Shuvo, Muniruddin Ahmed, Nigel H. Greig and Mohammad Amjad Kamal*

Volume 29, Issue 32, 2022

Published on: 19 July, 2022

Page: [5289 - 5314] Pages: 26

DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220408102051

Price: $65

Abstract

Dementia and frailty increase health adversities in older adults, which are topics of growing research interest. Frailty is considered to correspond to a biological syndrome associated with age. Frail patients may ultimately develop multiple dysfunctions across several systems, including stroke, transient ischemic attack, vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, cortico-basal degeneration, multiple system atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Patients with dementia and frailty often develop malnutrition and weight loss. Rigorous nutritional, pharmacological, and non-pharmacological interventions generally are required for these patients, which is a challenging issue for healthcare providers. A healthy diet and lifestyle instigated at an early age can reduce the risk of frailty and dementia. For optimal treatment, accurate diagnosis involving clinical evaluation, cognitive screening, essential laboratory evaluation, structural imaging, functional neuroimaging, and neuropsychological testing is necessary. Diagnosis procedures best apply the clinical diagnosis, identifying the cause(s) and the condition(s) appropriate for treatment. The patient's history, caregiver's interview, physical examination, cognitive evaluation, laboratory tests, and structural imaging should best be involved in the diagnostic process. Varying types of physical exercise can aid the treatment of these disorders. Nutrition maintenance is a particularly significant factor, such as exceptionally high-calorie dietary supplements and a Mediterranean diet to support weight gain. The core purpose of this article is to investigate trends in the management of dementia and frailty, focusing on improving diagnosis and treatment. Substantial evidence builds the consensus that a combination of balanced nutrition and good physical activity is an integral part of treatment. Notably, more evidence-based medicine knowledge is required.

Keywords: Dementia, frailty, malnutrition, stroke, diagnosis, mediterranean diet.

« Previous Next »
[1]
Robertson, D.A.; Savva, G.M.; Kenny, R.A. Frailty and cognitive impairment--a review of the evidence and causal mechanisms. Ageing Res. Rev., 2013, 12(4), 840-851.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2013.06.004] [PMID: 23831959]
[2]
Schumacher, J.; Taylor, J-P.; Hamilton, C.A.; Firbank, M.; Donaghy, P.C.; Roberts, G.; Allan, L.; Durcan, R.; Barnett, N.; O’Brien, J.T.; Thomas, A.J. Functional connectivity in mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies. J. Neurol., 2021, 268(12), 4707-4720.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-021-10580-z] [PMID: 33928432]
[3]
McKeith, I.G.; Boeve, B.F.; Dickson, D.W. Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies. Neurology 2017, 89(1), 88-100.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000004058]
[4]
McKeith, I.G.; Ferman, T.J.; Thomas, A.J.; Blanc, F.; Boeve, B.F.; Fujishiro, H.; Kantarci, K.; Muscio, C.; O’Brien, J.T.; Postuma, R.B.; Aarsland, D.; Ballard, C.; Bonanni, L.; Donaghy, P.; Emre, M.; Galvin, J.E.; Galasko, D.; Goldman, J.G.; Gomperts, S.N.; Honig, L.S.; Ikeda, M.; Leverenz, J.B.; Lewis, S.J.G.; Marder, K.S.; Masellis, M.; Salmon, D.P.; Taylor, J.P.; Tsuang, D.W.; Walker, Z.; Tiraboschi, P. Research criteria for the diagnosis of prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies. Neurology, 2020, 94(17), 743-755.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000009323] [PMID: 32241955]
[5]
Brayne, C.; Gao, L.; Dewey, M.; Matthews, F.E. Dementia before death in ageing societies--the promise of prevention and the reality. PLoS Med., 2006, 3(10), e397.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030397] [PMID: 17076551]
[6]
Howard, R.; Gathercole, R.; Bradley, R.; Harper, E.; Davis, L.; Pank, L.; Lam, N.; Talbot, E.; Hooper, E.; Winson, R.; Scutt, B.; Ordonez Montano, V.; Nunn, S.; Lavelle, G.; Bateman, A.; Bentham, P.; Burns, A.; Dunk, B.; Forsyth, K.; Fox, C.; Poland, F.; Leroi, I.; Newman, S.; O’Brien, J.; Henderson, C.; Knapp, M.; Woolham, J.; Gray, R. The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of assistive technology and telecare for independent living in dementia: A randomised controlled trial. Age Ageing, 2021, 50(3), 882-890.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaa284] [PMID: 33492349]
[7]
Feter, N.; Leite, J.S.; Cardoso, R.K.; Rombaldi, A.J. Economic burden of physical inactivity in hospitalizations due to dementia: A Brazilian nationwide study. Cad. Saude Publica, 2021, 37(1), e00046520.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00046520] [PMID: 33566988]
[8]
Petermann-Rocha, F.; Lyall, D.M.; Quinn, T.J.; Ho, F.K.; Pell, J.P.; Celis-Morales, C. Associations between physical frailty and dementia incidence: A prospective study from UK Biobank – Authors’ reply. Lancet Healthy Longev., 2021, 2(2), e68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2666-7568(21)00008-8]
[9]
Li, M.; Huang, Y.; Liu, Z.; Shen, R.; Chen, H.; Ma, C.; Zhang, T.; Li, S.; Prince, M. The association between frailty and incidence of dementia in Beijing: findings from 10/66 dementia research group population-based cohort study. BMC Geriatr., 2020, 20(1), 138.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01539-2] [PMID: 32293307]
[10]
Kawas, C.H.; Corrada, M.M. Alzheimer’s and dementia in the oldest-old: A century of challenges. Curr. Alzheimer Res., 2006, 3(5), 411-419.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720506779025233] [PMID: 17168640]
[11]
Jellinger, K.A. The enigma of mixed dementia. Alzheimers Dement., 2007, 3(1), 40-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2006.09.002] [PMID: 19595916]
[12]
Rosa, G.; Giannotti, C.; Martella, L.; Massa, F.; Serafini, G.; Pardini, M.; Nobili, F.M.; Monacelli, F. Brain aging, cardiovascular diseases, mixed dementia, and frailty in the oldest old: From brain phenotype to clinical expression. J. Alzheimers Dis., 2020, 75(4), 1083-1103.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-191075] [PMID: 32390618]
[13]
Kawas, C.H.; Kim, R.C.; Sonnen, J.A.; Bullain, S.S.; Trieu, T.; Corrada, M.M. Multiple pathologies are common and related to dementia in the oldest-old: The 90+ Study. Neurology, 2015, 85(6), 535-542.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000001831] [PMID: 26180144]
[14]
Whitmer, R.A.; Sidney, S.; Selby, J.; Johnston, S.C.; Yaffe, K. Midlife cardiovascular risk factors and risk of dementia in late life. Neurology, 2005, 64(2), 277-281.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.WNL.0000149519.47454.F2] [PMID: 15668425]
[15]
de Bruijn, R.F.A.G.; Ikram, M.A. Cardiovascular risk factors and future risk of Alzheimer’s disease. BMC Med., 2014, 12(1), 130.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-014-0130-5] [PMID: 25385322]
[16]
Attems, J.; Jellinger, K.A. The overlap between vascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease--lessons from pathology. BMC Med., 2014, 12(1), 206.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-014-0206-2] [PMID: 25385447]
[17]
Rockwood, K.; Song, X.; MacKnight, C.; Bergman, H.; Hogan, D.B.; McDowell, I.; Mitnitski, A. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ, 2005, 173(5), 489-495.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.050051] [PMID: 16129869]
[18]
Morley, J.E.; Vellas, B.; van Kan, G.A.; Anker, S.D.; Bauer, J.M.; Bernabei, R.; Cesari, M.; Chumlea, W.C.; Doehner, W.; Evans, J.; Fried, L.P.; Guralnik, J.M.; Katz, P.R.; Malmstrom, T.K.; McCarter, R.J.; Gutierrez Robledo, L.M.; Rockwood, K.; von Haehling, S.; Vandewoude, M.F.; Walston, J. Frailty consensus: A call to action. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc., 2013, 14(6), 392-397.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2013.03.022] [PMID: 23764209]
[19]
Hoogendijk, E.O.; Afilalo, J.; Ensrud, K.E.; Kowal, P.; Onder, G.; Fried, L.P. Frailty: Implications for clinical practice and public health. 2019. Available from: www.thelancet.com
[20]
Delrieu, J.; Andrieu, S.; Pahor, M.; Cantet, C.; Cesari, M.; Ousset, P.J.; Voisin, T.; Fougère, B.; Gillette, S.; Carrie, I.; Vellas, B. Neuropsychological profile of “Cognitive Frailty” subjects in MAPT study. J. Prev. Alzheimers Dis., 2016, 3(3), 151-159.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2016.94] [PMID: 27547746]
[21]
Roppolo, M.; Mulasso, A.; Rabaglietti, E. Cognitive frailty in Italian community-dwelling older adults: Prevalence rate and its association with disability. J. Nutr. Health Aging, 2017, 21(6), 631-636.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-016-0828-5] [PMID: 28537326]
[22]
Shimada, H.; Makizako, H.; Lee, S.; Doi, T.; Lee, S.; Tsutsumimoto, K.; Harada, K.; Hotta, R.; Bae, S.; Nakakubo, S.; Harada, K.; Suzuki, T. Impact of cognitive frailty on daily activities in older persons. J. Nutr. Health Aging, 2016, 20(7), 729-735.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-016-0685-2] [PMID: 27499306]
[23]
Rohrmann, S. Epidemiology of frailty in older people. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 2020, 1216, 21-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33330-0_3] [PMID: 31894543]
[24]
Panza, F.; Lozupone, M.; Solfrizzi, V.; Sardone, R.; Dibello, V.; Di Lena, L.; D’Urso, F.; Stallone, R.; Petruzzi, M.; Giannelli, G.; Quaranta, N.; Bellomo, A.; Greco, A.; Daniele, A.; Seripa, D.; Logroscino, G. Different cognitive frailty models and health-and cognitive-related outcomes in older age: From epidemiology to prevention. J. Alzheimers Dis., 2018, 62(3), 993-1012.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-170963] [PMID: 29562543]
[25]
Clissett, P.; Porock, D.; Harwood, R.H.; Gladman, J.R. The challenges of achieving person-centred care in acute hospitals: A qualitative study of people with dementia and their families. Int. J. Nurs. Stud., 2013, 50(11), 1495-1503.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.03.001] [PMID: 23548170]
[26]
Oliver, D.; Burns, E. Geriatric medicine and geriatricians in the UK. How they relate to acute and general internal medicine and what the future might hold? Future Hosp. J., 2016, 3(1), 49-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7861/futurehosp.3-1-49] [PMID: 31098179]
[27]
Hirt, J.; Beer, T. Use and impact of virtual reality simulation in dementia care education: A scoping review. Nurse Educ Today Churchill Livingstone, 2020, 84, 104207.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104207] [PMID: 31669968]
[28]
Lai, C.; Cipriani, M.; Renzi, A.; Luciani, M.; Lombardo, L.; Aceto, P. The effects of the perception of being recognized by patients with alzheimer disease on a caregiver’s burden and psychophysical health. Am. J. Hosp. Palliat. Care, 2018, 35(9), 1188-1194.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049909118766316] [PMID: 29580073]
[29]
Parra, M.A.; Butler, S.; McGeown, W.J.; Brown Nicholls, L.A.; Robertson, D.J. Globalising strategies to meet global challenges: the case of ageing and dementia. J. Glob. Health, 2019, 9(2), 020310.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7189/jogh.09.020310] [PMID: 31777656]
[30]
Kojima, G.; Liljas, A.E.M.; Iliffe, S. Frailty syndrome: implications and challenges for health care policy. Risk Manag. Healthc. Policy, 2019, 12, 23-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S168750] [PMID: 30858741]
[31]
Turner, G.; Clegg, A. Best practice guidelines for the management of frailty: A British Geriatrics Society, Age UK and Royal College of General Practitioners report. Age Ageing, 2014, 43(6), 744-747.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afu138] [PMID: 25336440]
[32]
Drennan, V.; Walters, K.; Avgerinou, C.; Gardner, B.; Goodman, C.; Frost, R.; Kharicha, K.; Iliffe, S.; Manthorpe, J. Moving upstream in health promoting policies for older people with early frailty in England? A policy analysis. J. Health Serv. Res. Policy, 2018, 23(3), 168-175.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1355819617752971] [PMID: 29325443]
[33]
Dent, E.; Martin, F.C.; Bergman, H.; Woo, J.; Romero-Ortuno, R.; Walston, J.D. Management of frailty: opportunities, challenges, and future directions. Lancet, 2019, 394(10206), 1376-1386.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31785-4] [PMID: 31609229]
[34]
Sloane, P.D.; Cesari, M. Research on frailty: Continued progress, continued challenges. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc., 2018, 19(4), 279-281.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2018.01.003] [PMID: 29526597]
[35]
Achterberg, W.P.; Pieper, M.J.; van Dalen-Kok, A.H.; de Waal, M.W.; Husebo, B.S.; Lautenbacher, S.; Kunz, M.; Scherder, E.J.; Corbett, A. Pain management in patients with dementia. Clin. Interv. Aging, 2013, 8, 1471-1482.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S36739] [PMID: 24204133]
[36]
Walston, J. Frailty research moves beyond risk assessment. J. Gerontol. Ser. A, 2017, 72(7), 915-916.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glx085] [PMID: 28575291]
[37]
Bendayan, M.; Bibas, L.; Levi, M.; Mullie, L.; Forman, D.E.; Afilalo, J. Therapeutic interventions for frail elderly patients: part II. Ongoing and unpublished randomized trials. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. W.B., 2014, 57(2), 144-151.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2014.07.005] [PMID: 25216613]
[38]
Bibas, L.; Levi, M.; Bendayan, M.; Mullie, L.; Forman, D.E.; Afilalo, J. Therapeutic interventions for frail elderly patients: part I. Published randomized trials. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis., 2014, 57(2), 134-143.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2014.07.004] [PMID: 25216612]
[39]
Cadore, E.L.; Rodríguez-Mañas, L.; Sinclair, A.; Izquierdo, M. Effects of different exercise interventions on risk of falls, gait ability, and balance in physically frail older adults: A systematic review. Rejuvenation Res., 2013, 16(2), 105-114.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/rej.2012.1397] [PMID: 23327448]
[40]
de Labra, C.; Guimaraes-Pinheiro, C.; Maseda, A.; Lorenzo, T.; Millán-Calenti, J.C. Effects of physical exercise interventions in frail older adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. BMC Geriatr., 2015, 15(1), 154.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-015-0155-4] [PMID: 26626157]
[41]
Dent, E.; Lien, C.; Lim, W.S.; Wong, W.C.; Wong, C.H.; Ng, T.P.; Woo, J.; Dong, B.; de la Vega, S.; Hua Poi, P.J.; Kamaruzzaman, S.B.B.; Won, C.; Chen, L.K.; Rockwood, K.; Arai, H.; Rodriguez-Mañas, L.; Cao, L.; Cesari, M.; Chan, P.; Leung, E.; Landi, F.; Fried, L.P.; Morley, J.E.; Vellas, B.; Flicker, L. The Asia-Pacific clinical practice guidelines for the management of frailty. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc., 2017, 18(7), 564-575.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2017.04.018] [PMID: 28648901]
[42]
Ng, T.P.; Feng, L.; Nyunt, M.S.Z.; Feng, L.; Niti, M.; Tan, B.Y.; Chan, G.; Khoo, S.A.; Chan, S.M.; Yap, P.; Yap, K.B. Nutritional, physical, cognitive, and combination interventions and frailty reversal among older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Med., 2015, 128(11), 1225-1236.e1.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.06.017] [PMID: 26159634]
[43]
Copeland, M.P.; Daly, E.; Hines, V.; Mastromauro, C.; Zaitchik, D.; Gunther, J.; Albert, M. Psychiatric symptomatology and prodromal Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord., 2003, 17(1), 1-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002093-200301000-00001] [PMID: 12621314]
[44]
Geerlings, M.I.; Schmand, B.; Braam, A.W.; Jonker, C.; Bouter, L.M.; van Tilburg, W. Depressive symptoms and risk of Alzheimer’s disease in more highly educated older people. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 2000, 48(9), 1092-1097.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb04785.x] [PMID: 10983909]
[45]
Wimo, A.; Winblad, B.; Jönsson, L. An estimate of the total worldwide societal costs of dementia in 2005. Alzheimers Dement., 2007, 3(2), 81-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2007.02.001] [PMID: 19595921]
[46]
Lyketsos, C.G.; Lopez, O.; Jones, B.; Fitzpatrick, A.L.; Breitner, J.; DeKosky, S. Prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia and mild cognitive impairment: results from the cardiovascular health study. JAMA, 2002, 288(12), 1475-1483.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.288.12.1475] [PMID: 12243634]
[47]
Lopez, O.L. Mild cognitive impairment. Continuum. (Minneap Minn)., 2013, 19(2 Dementia), 411.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.CON.0000429175.29601.97]
[48]
Fisicaro, F.; Lanza, G.; Pennisi, M.; Vagli, C.; Cantone, M.; Pennisi, G.; Ferri, R.; Bella, R. Moderate mocha coffee consumption is associated with higher cognitive and mood status in a non-demented elderly population with subcortical ischemic vascular disease. Nutrients, 2021, 13(2), 536.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020536] [PMID: 33562065]
[49]
Harasani, K.; Xhafaj, D.; Lekaj, A.; Veshi, L.; Olvera-Porcel, M.D.C. Screening for mild cognitive impairment among older Albanian patients by clinical pharmacists. Int. J. Pharm. Pract., 2021, 29(2), 189-191.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riab001] [PMID: 33729534]
[50]
Pandhita S, G.; Sutrisna, B.; Wibowo, S.; Adisasmita, A.C.; Rahardjo, T.B.W.; Amir, N.; Rustika, R.; Kosen, S.; Syarif, S.; Wreksoatmodjo, B.R. Decision tree clinical algorithm for screening of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly in primary health care: Development, test of accuracy, and time-effectiveness analysis. Neuroepidemiology, 2020, 54(3), 243-250.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000503830] [PMID: 32241012]
[51]
Bouchard, R.W. Diagnostic criteria of dementia. Can. J. Neurol. Sci., 2007. Available from: https://www.dementia.org.au/information/for-health-professionals/clinical-resources/diagnostic-criteria-for-dementia
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0317167100005497]
[52]
Larson, E.B.; Wang, L.; Bowen, J.D.; McCormick, W.C.; Teri, L.; Crane, P.; Kukull, W. Exercise is associated with reduced risk for incident dementia among persons 65 years of age and older. Ann. Intern. Med., 2006, 144(2), 73-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-2-200601170-00004] [PMID: 16418406]
[53]
Bongue, B.; Buisson, A.; Dupre, C.; Beland, F.; Gonthier, R.; Crawford-Achour, É. Predictive performance of four frailty screening tools in community-dwelling elderly. BMC Geriatr., 2017, 17(1), 262.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-017-0633-y] [PMID: 29126383]
[54]
Bandeen-Roche, K.; Xue, Q-L.; Ferrucci, L.; Walston, J.; Guralnik, J.M.; Chaves, P.; Zeger, S.L.; Fried, L.P. Phenotype of frailty: characterization in the women’s health and aging studies. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 2006, 61(3), 262-266.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.3.262] [PMID: 16567375]
[55]
Rockwood, K.; Mitnitski, A. Frailty in relation to the accumulation of deficits. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 2007, 62(7), 722-727.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/62.7.722] [PMID: 17634318]
[56]
Creavin, S.T.; Wisniewski, S.; Noel-Storr, A.H.; Trevelyan, C.M.; Hampton, T.; Rayment, D.; Thom, V.M.; Nash, K.J.; Elhamoui, H.; Milligan, R.; Patel, A.S.; Tsivos, D.V.; Wing, T.; Phillips, E.; Kellman, S.M.; Shackleton, H.L.; Singleton, G.F.; Neale, B.E.; Watton, M.E.; Cullum, S. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of dementia in clinically unevaluated people aged 65 and over in community and primary care populations. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 2016, (1), CD011145.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011145.pub2] [PMID: 26760674]
[57]
Mathuranath, P.S.; Cherian, J.P.; Mathew, R.; George, A.; Alexander, A.; Sarma, S.P. Mini mental state examination and the Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination: effect of education and norms for a multicultural population. Neurol. India, 2007, 55(2), 106-110.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32779] [PMID: 17558112]
[58]
Kim, Y.; Jang, S.N. Mapping the knowledge structure of frailty in journal articles by text network analysis. PLoS One, 2018, 13(4), e0196104.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196104] [PMID: 29672647]
[59]
Han, C.; Jo, S.A.; Jo, I.; Kim, E.; Park, M.H.; Kang, Y. An adaptation of the Korean mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE) in elderly Koreans: demographic influence and population-based norms (the AGE study). Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr., 2008, 47(3), 302-310.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2007.08.012] [PMID: 17936377]
[60]
Smith, T.; Gildeh, N.; Holmes, C. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: validity and utility in a memory clinic setting. Can. J. Psychiatry, 2007, 52(5), 329-332.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370705200508] [PMID: 17542384]
[61]
Nasreddine, Z.S.; Phillips, N.A.; Bédirian, V.; Charbonneau, S.; Whitehead, V.; Collin, I.; Cummings, J.L.; Chertkow, H. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: A brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 2005, 53(4), 695-699.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x] [PMID: 15817019]
[62]
Yeo, T.Y.; Kim, K.; Park, M.H. Conversion from the Korean dementia screening questionnaire to the informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat., 2019, 15, 3205-3211.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S229555] [PMID: 31819448]
[63]
Lee, S.J.; Han, J.H.; Hwang, J.W.; Paik, J.W.; Han, C.; Park, M.H. Screening for normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia with the Korean dementia screening questionnaire. Psychiatry Investig., 2018, 15(4), 384-389.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2017.08.24] [PMID: 29475235]
[64]
Hoops, S.; Nazem, S.; Siderowf, A.D.; Duda, J.E.; Xie, S.X.; Stern, M.B.; Weintraub, D. Validity of the MoCA and MMSE in the detection of MCI and dementia in Parkinson disease. Neurology, 2009, 73(21), 1738-1745.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c34b47] [PMID: 19933974]
[65]
Freitas, S.; Simões, M.R.; Alves, L.; Duro, D.; Santana, I. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): validation study for frontotemporal dementia. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol., 2012, 25(3), 146-154.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891988712455235] [PMID: 22859702]
[66]
Peters, L.L.; Boter, H.; Buskens, E.; Slaets, J.P. Measurement properties of the Groningen Frailty Indicator in home-dwelling and institutionalized elderly people. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc., 2012, 13(6), 546-551.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2012.04.007] [PMID: 22579590]
[67]
Arvanitakis, Z.; Shah, R.C.; Bennett, D.A. Diagnosis and management of dementia. JAMA, 2019, 322(16), 1589-1599.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.4782] [PMID: 31638686]
[68]
Salardini, A. An overview of primary dementias as clinicopathological entities. Semin, 2019, 39(2), 153-166.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1683445] [PMID: 30925609]
[69]
Panhwar, Y.N.; Naghdy, F.; Naghdy, G.; Stirling, D.; Potter, J. Assessment of frailty: A survey of quantitative and clinical methods. BMC Biomed. Eng., 2019, 1(1), 7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42490-019-0007-y] [PMID: 32903310]
[70]
Solfrizzi, V.; Scafato, E.; Frisardi, V.; Seripa, D.; Logroscino, G.; Maggi, S.; Imbimbo, B.P.; Galluzzo, L.; Baldereschi, M.; Gandin, C.; Di Carlo, A.; Inzitari, D.; Crepaldi, G.; Pilotto, A.; Panza, F. Frailty syndrome and the risk of vascular dementia: the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Alzheimers Dement., 2013, 9(2), 113-122.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2011.09.223] [PMID: 23245560]
[71]
Borda, M.G.; Soennesyn, H.; Steves, C.J.; Osland Vik-Mo, A.; Pérez-Zepeda, M.U.; Aarsland, D. Frailty in older adults with mild dementia: Dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. Extra, 2019, 9(1), 176-183.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000496537]
[72]
Feldman, H.H.; Jacova, C.; Robillard, A.; Garcia, A.; Chow, T.; Borrie, M.; Schipper, H.M.; Blair, M.; Kertesz, A.; Chertkow, H. Diagnosis and treatment of dementia: 2. Diagnosis. CMAJ, 2008, 178(7), 825-836.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.070798] [PMID: 18362376]
[73]
Wang, D.C.; Black, S.E.; Zukotynski, K.A. Diagnosing dementia. CMAJ, 2016, 188(8), 603.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.150508] [PMID: 27067820]
[74]
Woolford, S.J.; Sohan, O.; Dennison, E.M.; Cooper, C.; Patel, H.P. Approaches to the diagnosis and prevention of frailty. Aging Clin. Exp. Res., 2020, 32(9), 1629-1637.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-020-01559-3] [PMID: 32356135]
[75]
Evertson, L.C.; Jennings, L.A.; Reuben, D.B.; Zaila, K.E.; Akram, N.; Romero, T.; Tan, Z.S. Caregiver outcomes of a dementia care program. Geriatr. Nurs., 2021, 42(2), 447-459.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.02.003] [PMID: 33714024]
[76]
Allegri, R.F.; Glaser, F.B.; Taragano, F.E.; Buschke, H. Mild cognitive impairment: believe it or not? Int. Rev. Psychiatry, 2008, 20(4), 357-363.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540260802095099] [PMID: 18925484]
[77]
Kulmala, J.; Nykänen, I.; Mänty, M.; Hartikainen, S. Association between frailty and dementia: A population-based study. Gerontology, 2014, 60(1), 16-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000353859] [PMID: 23970189]
[78]
Falk, N.; Cole, A.; Meredith, T.J. Evaluation of suspected dementia. Am. Fam. Physician, 2018, 97(6), 398-405.
[PMID: 29671539]
[79]
Aminzadeh, F.; Molnar, F.J.; Dalziel, W.B.; Ayotte, D. A review of barriers and enablers to diagnosis and management of persons with dementia in primary care. Can. Geriatr. J., 2012, 15(3), 85-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5770/cgj.15.42] [PMID: 23259021]
[80]
Naylor, M.D.; Kurtzman, E.T. The role of nurse practitioners in reinventing primary care. Health Aff. (Millwood), 2010, 29(5), 893-899.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2010.0440] [PMID: 20439877]
[81]
Banerjee, D.; Vajawat, B.; Varshney, P.; Rao, T.S. Perceptions, experiences, and challenges of physicians involved in dementia care during the COVID-19 lockdown in India: A qualitative study. Front. Psychiatry, 2021, 11, 615758.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.615758] [PMID: 33551877]
[82]
Rantala, M.; Kankkunen, P.; Kvist, T.; Hartikainen, S. Barriers to postoperative pain management in hip fracture patients with dementia as evaluated by nursing staff. Pain Manag. Nurs., 2014, 15(1), 208-219.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2012.08.007] [PMID: 24602437]
[83]
Teel, C.S. Rural practitioners’ experiences in dementia diagnosis and treatment. Aging Ment. Health, 2004, 8(5), 422-429.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607860410001725018] [PMID: 15511740]
[84]
Brayne, C.; Fox, C.; Boustani, M. Dementia screening in primary care: is it time? JAMA, 2007, 298(20), 2409-2411.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.298.20.2409] [PMID: 18042918]
[85]
Buhagiar, K.; Afzal, N.; Cosgrave, M. Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in primary care: A survey of general practitioners in Ireland. Ment. Health Fam. Med., 2011, 8(4), 227-234.
[PMID: 23205063]
[86]
Fowler, N.R.; Perkins, A.J.; Gao, S. Risks and benefits of screening for dementia in primary care: The IU CHOICE trial. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 2020, 68(3), 535.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16247] [PMID: 31792940]
[87]
Ellis, G.; Gardner, M.; Tsiachristas, A.; Langhorne, P.; Burke, O.; Harwood, R.H.; Conroy, S.P.; Kircher, T.; Somme, D.; Saltvedt, I.; Wald, H.; O’Neill, D.; Robinson, D.; Shepperd, S. Comprehensive geriatric assessment for older adults admitted to hospital. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 2017, 9(9), CD006211.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006211.pub3] [PMID: 28898390]
[88]
Bradford, A.; Kunik, M.E.; Schulz, P.; Williams, S.P.; Singh, H. Missed and delayed diagnosis of dementia in primary care: prevalence and contributing factors. Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord., 2009, 23(4), 306-314.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/WAD.0b013e3181a6bebc] [PMID: 19568149]
[89]
Gandhi, T.K.; Kachalia, A.; Thomas, E.J.; Puopolo, A.L.; Yoon, C.; Brennan, T.A.; Studdert, D.M. Missed and delayed diagnoses in the ambulatory setting: A study of closed malpractice claims. Ann. Intern. Med., 2006, 145(7), 488-496.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-145-7-200610030-00006] [PMID: 17015866]
[90]
Graber, M.L.; Franklin, N.; Gordon, R. Diagnostic error in internal medicine. Arch. Intern. Med., 2005, 165(13), 1493-1499.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.165.13.1493] [PMID: 16009864]
[91]
Lambert, B.L.; Schiff, G.D.; Kim, S. Diagnosing diagnostic errors: Lessons from a multi-institutional collaborative. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); MD: Rockville, 2005.
[92]
Singh, H.; Petersen, L.A.; Thomas, E.J. Understanding diagnostic errors in medicine: A lesson from aviation. Qual. Saf. Health Care, 2006, 15(3), 159-164.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/qshc.2005.016444] [PMID: 16751463]
[93]
Singh, H.; Naik, A.D.; Rao, R.; Petersen, L.A. Reducing diagnostic errors through effective communication: harnessing the power of information technology. J. Gen. Intern. Med., 2008, 23(4), 489-494.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0393-z] [PMID: 18373151]
[94]
Phung, T.K.T.; Waltoft, B.L.; Kessing, L.V.; Mortensen, P.B.; Waldemar, G. Time trend in diagnosing dementia in secondary care. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord., 2010, 29(2), 146-153.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000269933] [PMID: 20150733]
[95]
Panza, F.; Solfrizzi, V.; Frisardi, V.; Maggi, S.; Sancarlo, D.; Adante, F.; D’Onofrio, G.; Seripa, D.; Pilotto, A. Different models of frailty in predementia and dementia syndromes. J. Nutr. Health Aging, 2011, 15(8), 711-719.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-011-0126-1] [PMID: 21968870]
[96]
Alagiakrishnan, K. Overcoming the barriers to the diagnosis of dementia. Postgrad. Med., 2010, 122(4), 105-111.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3810/pgm.2010.07.2178] [PMID: 20675974]
[97]
Birch, D.; Draper, J. A critical literature review exploring the challenges of delivering effective palliative care to older people with dementia. J. Clin. Nurs., 2008, 17(9), 1144-1163.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2007.02220.x] [PMID: 18416791]
[98]
Sinclair, A.J.; Abdelhafiz, A.H.; Rodríguez-Mañas, L. Frailty and sarcopenia - newly emerging and high impact complications of diabetes. J. Diabetes Complications, 2017, 31(9), 1465-1473.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.05.003] [PMID: 28669464]
[99]
Bruneau, B. Barriers to the management of pain in dementia care. Nurs. Times, 2014, 110(28), 12-, 14-16.
[PMID: 25087440]
[100]
Livingston, G.; Huntley, J.; Sommerlad, A.; Ames, D.; Ballard, C.; Banerjee, S.; Brayne, C.; Burns, A.; Cohen-Mansfield, J.; Cooper, C.; Costafreda, S.G.; Dias, A.; Fox, N.; Gitlin, L.N.; Howard, R.; Kales, H.C.; Kivimäki, M.; Larson, E.B.; Ogunniyi, A.; Orgeta, V.; Ritchie, K.; Rockwood, K.; Sampson, E.L.; Samus, Q.; Schneider, L.S.; Selbæk, G.; Teri, L.; Mukadam, N. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission. Lancet, 2020, 396(10248), 413-446.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30367-6] [PMID: 32738937]
[101]
Leyhe, T.; Reynolds, C.F., III; Melcher, T.; Linnemann, C.; Klöppel, S.; Blennow, K.; Zetterberg, H.; Dubois, B.; Lista, S.; Hampel, H. A common challenge in older adults: Classification, overlap, and therapy of depression and dementia. Alzheimers Dement., 2017, 13(1), 59-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2016.08.007] [PMID: 27693188]
[102]
van Swieten, J.C.; Heutink, P. Mutations in progranulin (GRN) within the spectrum of clinical and pathological phenotypes of frontotemporal dementia. Lancet Neurol., 2008, 7(10), 965-974.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70194-7] [PMID: 18771956]
[103]
Cenik, B.; Sephton, C.F.; Dewey, C.M.; Xian, X.; Wei, S.; Yu, K.; Niu, W.; Coppola, G.; Coughlin, S.E.; Lee, S.E.; Dries, D.R.; Almeida, S.; Geschwind, D.H.; Gao, F.B.; Miller, B.L.; Farese, R.V., Jr; Posner, B.A.; Yu, G.; Herz, J. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (vorinostat) up-regulates progranulin transcription: rational therapeutic approach to frontotemporal dementia. J. Biol. Chem., 2011, 286(18), 16101-16108.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.193433] [PMID: 21454553]
[104]
Almeida, S.; Gao, F.; Coppola, G.; Gao, F.B. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid increases progranulin production in iPSC-derived cortical neurons of frontotemporal dementia patients. Neurobiol. Aging, 2016, 42, 35-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.03.001] [PMID: 27143419]
[105]
Arrant, A.E.; Onyilo, V.C.; Unger, D.E.; Roberson, E.D. Neurobiology of disease progranulin gene therapy improves lysosomal dysfunction and microglial pathology associated with frontotemporal dementia and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. J. Neurosci., 2018, 38(9), 2341-2358.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3081-17.2018] [PMID: 29378861]
[106]
Loprinzi, P.D.; Frith, E.; Edwards, M.K.; Sng, E.; Ashpole, N. The effects of exercise on memory function among young to middle-aged adults: Systematic review and recommendations for future research. Am. J. Health Promot., 2018, 32(3), 691-704.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117117737409] [PMID: 29108442]
[107]
Krell-Roesch, J.; Feder, N.T.; Roberts, R.O.; Mielke, M.M.; Christianson, T.J.; Knopman, D.S.; Petersen, R.C.; Geda, Y.E. Leisure-time physical activity and the risk of incident dementia: The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. J. Alzheimers Dis., 2018, 63(1), 149-155.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-171141] [PMID: 29614667]
[108]
Arsenault-Lapierre, G.; Sourial, N.; Pakzad, S.; Hardouin, M.; Couturier, Y.; Bergman, H.; Vedel, I. Validation of a questionnaire for family physicians: Knowledge, attitude, practice on dementia care. Can. J. Aging, 2021, 40(2), 238-247.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0714980820000069] [PMID: 32366352]
[109]
Scuteri, D.; Rombolà, L.; Morrone, L.A.; Bagetta, G.; Sakurada, S.; Sakurada, T.; Tonin, P.; Corasaniti, M.T. Neuropharmacology of the neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia and role of pain: Essential oil of bergamot as a novel therapeutic approach. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2019, 20(13), 3327.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133327] [PMID: 31284573]
[110]
Ralph, S.J.; Espinet, A.J. Use of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines for dementia: Time for action? What will be required before global de-prescribing? Dementia, 2019, 18(6), 2322-2339.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471301217746769] [PMID: 29271252]
[111]
Scuteri, D.; Cassano, R.; Trombino, S.; Russo, R.; Mizoguchi, H.; Watanabe, C.; Hamamura, K.; Katsuyama, S.; Komatsu, T.; Morrone, L.A.; Rombolà, L.; Adornetto, A.; Laganà, A.S.; Corasaniti, M.T.; Tonin, P.; Sakurada, S.; Sakurada, T.; Nicotera, P.; Bagetta, G. Development and translation of NanoBEO, a nanotechnology-based delivery system of bergamot essential oil deprived of furocumarins, in the control of agitation in severe dementia. Pharmaceutics, 2021, 13(3), 379.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13030379] [PMID: 33809385]
[112]
Goldstein-Levitas, N. Dance/movement therapy and sensory stimulation: A holistic approach to dementia care. Am. J. Dance Ther., 2016, 38(2), 429-436.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10465-016-9221-5]
[113]
Karkou, V.; Meekums, B. Dance movement therapy for dementia. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 2017, 2, CD011022.
[PMID: 28155990]
[114]
Ho, R.T.H.; Fong, T.C.T.; Chan, W.C.; Kwan, J.S.K.; Chiu, P.K.C.; Yau, J.C.Y.; Lam, L.C.W. Psychophysiological effects of dance movement therapy and physical exercise on older adults with mild dementia: A randomized controlled trial. J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci., 2020, 75(3), 560-570.
[PMID: 30496547]
[115]
Mitchell, S.L.; Black, B.S.; Ersek, M.; Hanson, L.C.; Miller, S.C.; Sachs, G.A.; Teno, J.M.; Morrison, R.S. Advanced dementia: state of the art and priorities for the next decade. Ann. Intern. Med., 2012, 156(1 Pt 1), 45-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-1-201201030-00008] [PMID: 22213494]
[116]
Savica, R.; Petersen, R.C. Prevention of dementia. Psychiatr. Clin. North Am., 2011, 34(1), 127-145.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2010.11.006] [PMID: 21333844]
[117]
Dishman, R.K.; O’Connor, P.J. Lessons in exercise neurobiology: The case of endorphins. Ment. Health Phys. Act., 2009, 2(1), 4-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2009.01.002]
[118]
Gagliardi, S.; Morasso, C.; Stivaktakis, P.; Pandini, C.; Tinelli, V.; Tsatsakis, A.; Prosperi, D.; Hickey, M.; Corsi, F.; Cereda, C. Curcumin formulations and trials: What’s new in neurological diseases. Molecules, 2020, 25(22), 5389.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225389] [PMID: 33217959]
[119]
Ninomiya, T. Diabetes mellitus and dementia. Curr. Diab. Rep., 2014, 14(5), 487.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11892-014-0487-z] [PMID: 24623199]
[120]
Livingston, G.; Sommerlad, A.; Orgeta, V.; Costafreda, S.G.; Huntley, J.; Ames, D.; Ballard, C.; Banerjee, S.; Burns, A.; Cohen-Mansfield, J.; Cooper, C.; Fox, N.; Gitlin, L.N.; Howard, R.; Kales, H.C.; Larson, E.B.; Ritchie, K.; Rockwood, K.; Sampson, E.L.; Samus, Q.; Schneider, L.S.; Selbæk, G.; Teri, L.; Mukadam, N. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care. Lancet, 2017, 390(10113), 2673-2734.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31363-6] [PMID: 28735855]
[121]
Hersi, M.; Irvine, B.; Gupta, P.; Gomes, J.; Birkett, N.; Krewski, D. Risk factors associated with the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review of the evidence. Neurotoxicology, 2017, 61, 143-187.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2017.03.006] [PMID: 28363508]
[122]
Abbott, R.D.; White, L.R.; Ross, G.W.; Masaki, K.H.; Curb, J.D.; Petrovitch, H. Walking and dementia in physically capable elderly men. JAMA, 2004, 292(12), 1447-1453.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.12.1447] [PMID: 15383515]
[123]
Bartels, C.; Wagner, M.; Wolfsgruber, S.; Ehrenreich, H.; Schneider, A. Impact of SSRI therapy on risk of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s dementia in individuals with previous depression. Am. J. Psychiatry, 2018, 175(3), 232-241.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17040404] [PMID: 29179578]
[124]
Petersen, R.C.; Thomas, R.G.; Grundman, M.; Bennett, D.; Doody, R.; Ferris, S.; Galasko, D.; Jin, S.; Kaye, J.; Levey, A.; Pfeiffer, E.; Sano, M.; van Dyck, C.H.; Thal, L.J. Vitamin E and donepezil for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment. N. Engl. J. Med., 2005, 352(23), 2379-2388.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa050151] [PMID: 15829527]
[125]
Alzheimer’s Disease International. The state of the art of dementia research. World Alzheimer Report 2018.
[126]
Bisiani, L.; Angus, J. Doll therapy: A therapeutic means to meet past attachment needs and diminish behaviours of concern in a person living with dementia--a case study approach. Dementia, 2013, 12(4), 447-462.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471301211431362] [PMID: 24336954]
[127]
Zhang, Y.S.; Li, J.D.; Yan, C. An update on vinpocetine: New discoveries and clinical implications. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2018, 819, 30-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.11.041] [PMID: 29183836]
[128]
Tariot, P.N.; Farlow, M.R.; Grossberg, G.T.; Graham, S.M.; McDonald, S.; Gergel, I. Memantine treatment in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer disease already receiving donepezil: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2004, 291(3), 317-324.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.291.3.317] [PMID: 14734594]
[129]
Sommerlad, A.; Sabia, S.; Singh-Manoux, A.; Lewis, G.; Livingston, G. Association of social contact with dementia and cognition: 28-year follow-up of the Whitehall II cohort study. PLoS Med., 2019, 16(8), e1002862.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002862] [PMID: 31374073]
[130]
Kelly, M.E.; Duff, H.; Kelly, S.; McHugh Power, J.E.; Brennan, S.; Lawlor, B.A.; Loughrey, D.G. The impact of social activities, social networks, social support and social relationships on the cognitive functioning of healthy older adults: A systematic review. Syst. Rev., 2017, 6(1), 259.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0632-2] [PMID: 29258596]
[131]
Williams, J.W.; Plassman, B.L.; Burke, J.; Benjamin, S. Preventing Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline. Evid. Rep. Technol. Assess. (Full. Rep), 2010, (193), 1-727.
[PMID: 21500874]
[132]
Saito, T.; Murata, C.; Saito, M.; Takeda, T.; Kondo, K. Influence of social relationship domains and their combinations on incident dementia: A prospective cohort study. J. Epidemiol. Community Health, 2018, 72(1), 7-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-209811] [PMID: 29089367]
[133]
Bhattacharya, T.; Soares, G.A.B.E.; Chopra, H.; Rahman, M.M.; Hasan, Z.; Swain, S.S.; Cavalu, S. Applications of phyto-nanotechnology for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Materials (Basel), 2022, 15(3), 804.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030804] [PMID: 35160749]
[134]
Rahman, M.M.; Islam, M.R.; Islam, M.T.; Harun-Or-Rashid, M.; Islam, M.; Abdullah, S.; Uddin, M.B.; Das, S.; Rahaman, M.S.; Ahmed, M.; Alhumaydhi, F.A.; Emran, T.B.; Mohamed, A.A.; Faruque, M.R.I.; Khandaker, M.U.; Mostafa-Hedeab, G. Stem cell transplantation therapy and neurological disorders: Current status and future perspectives. Biology (Basel), 2022, 11(1), 147.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11010147] [PMID: 35053145]
[135]
Rahman, M.M.; Ferdous, K.S.; Ahmed, M.; Islam, M.T.; Khan, M.R.; Perveen, A.; Ashraf, G.M.; Uddin, M.S. Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome: An overview of the molecular mechanism, pathophysiology and therapeutic approach. Curr. Genet., 2021, 21(3), 216-229.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566523221666210303100805] [PMID: 33655857]
[136]
Middleton, L.E.; Yaffe, K. Promising strategies for the prevention of dementia. Arch. Neurol., 2009, 66(10), 1210-1215.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2009.201] [PMID: 19822776]
[137]
Koch, H.J.; Uyanik, G.; Fischer-Barnicol, D. Memantine: A therapeutic approach in treating Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia. Curr. Drug Targets CNS Neurol. Disord., 2005, 4(5), 499-506.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156800705774322021] [PMID: 16266284]
[138]
Tomas, C.; Newton, J.; Watson, S. A review of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in chronic fatigue syndrome. ISRN Neurosci., 2013, 2013, 784520.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/784520] [PMID: 24959566]
[139]
WHO. Risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia who guidelines., 2019. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241550543
[140]
Schneider, J.A.; Arvanitakis, Z.; Bang, W.; Bennett, D.A. Mixed brain pathologies account for most dementia cases in community-dwelling older persons. Neurology, 2007, 69(24), 2197-2204.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000271090.28148.24] [PMID: 17568013]
[141]
McMaster, M.; Kim, S.; Clare, L.; Torres, S.J.; Cherbuin, N.; DʼEste, C.; Anstey, K.J. Lifestyle risk factors and cognitive outcomes from the multidomain dementia risk reduction randomized controlled trial, Body Brain Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL-CD). J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 2020, 68(11), 2629-2637.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16762] [PMID: 32909259]
[142]
McCleery, J.; Abraham, R.P.; Denton, D.A.; Rutjes, A.W.; Chong, L.Y.; Al-Assaf, A.S.; Griffith, D.J.; Rafeeq, S.; Yaman, H.; Malik, M.A.; Di Nisio, M.; Martínez, G.; Vernooij, R.W.; Tabet, N. Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 2018, 11(2), CD011905.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011905.pub2] [PMID: 30383288]
[143]
Smith, A.D. Prevention of dementia: A role for B vitamins? Nutr. Health, 2006, 18(3), 225-226.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026010600601800304] [PMID: 17180867]
[144]
Rahman, M.M.; Rahaman, M.S.; Islam, M.R.; Rahman, F.; Mithi, F.M.; Alqahtani, T.; Almikhlafi, M.A.; Alghamdi, S.Q.; Alruwaili, A.S.; Hossain, M.S.; Ahmed, M.; Das, R.; Emran, T.B.; Uddin, M.S. Role of phenolic compounds in human disease: Current knowledge and future prospects. Molecules, 2021, 27(1), 233.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010233] [PMID: 35011465]
[145]
Clarke, R. Vitamin B12, folic acid, and the prevention of dementia. N. Engl. J. Med., 2006, 354(26), 2817-2819.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe068086] [PMID: 16807420]
[146]
Murphy, J.L.; Holmes, J.; Brooks, C. Nutrition and dementia care: developing an evidence-based model for nutritional care in nursing homes. BMC Geriatr., 2017, 17(1), 55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-017-0443-2] [PMID: 28196475]
[147]
Annweiler, C. Vitamin D in dementia prevention. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 2016, 1367(1), 57-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13058] [PMID: 27116242]
[148]
Annweiler, C.; Schott, A-M.; Berrut, G.; Chauviré, V.; Le Gall, D.; Inzitari, M.; Beauchet, O. Vitamin D and ageing: neurological issues. Neuropsychobiology, 2010, 62(3), 139-150.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000318570] [PMID: 20628264]
[149]
Cheng, S.T. Cognitive reserve and the prevention of dementia: The role of physical and cognitive activities. Curr. Psychiatry Rep., 2016, 18(9), 85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11920-016-0721-2] [PMID: 27481112]
[150]
Valenzuela, M.J. Brain reserve and the prevention of dementia. Curr. Opin. Psychiatry, 2008, 21(3), 296-302.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0b013e3282f97b1f] [PMID: 18382231]
[151]
Valenzuela, M.J.; Sachdev, P. Brain reserve and dementia: A systematic review. Psychol. Med., 2006, 36(4), 441-454.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291705006264] [PMID: 16207391]
[152]
Guillem, F.; Mograss, M. Brain reserve and dementia: A systematic review. Psychol. Med., 2005.
[153]
Wang, J.Y.J.; Zhou, D.H.D.; Li, J.; Zhang, M.; Deng, J.; Tang, M.; Gao, C.; Li, J.; Lian, Y.; Chen, M. Leisure activity and risk of cognitive impairment: the Chongqing aging study. Neurology, 2006, 66(6), 911-913.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000192165.99963.2a] [PMID: 16291928]
[154]
Drey, M.; Pfeifer, K.; Sieber, C.C. The fried frailty criteria as inclusion criteria for a randomized controlled trial: personal experience and literature review. Gerontology, 2011, 57, 11-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000313433]
[155]
Liau, S.J.; Lalic, S.; Sluggett, J.K.; Cesari, M.; Onder, G.; Vetrano, D.L.; Morin, L.; Hartikainen, S.; Hamina, A.; Johnell, K.; Tan, E.C.K.; Visvanathan, R.; Bell, J.S. Medication management in frail older people: Consensus principles for clinical practice, research, and education. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc., 2021, 22(1), 43-49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.004] [PMID: 32669236]
[156]
Windhaber, T.; Koula, M.L.; Ntzani, E.; Velivasi, A.; Rizos, E.; Doumas, M.T.; Pappas, E.E.; Onder, G.; Vetrano, D.L.; Roudriguez Laso, A.; Roudriguez Manjas, L.; Illario, M.; Roller-Wirnsberger, R.E. Educational strategies to train health care professionals across the education continuum on the process of frailty prevention and frailty management: A systematic review. Aging Clin. Exp. Res., 2018, 30(12), 1409-1415.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-018-0918-9] [PMID: 29476480]
[157]
Faye, A.S.; Wen, T.; Soroush, A.; Ananthakrishnan, A.N.; Ungaro, R.; Lawlor, G.; Attenello, F.J.; Mack, W.J.; Colombel, J.F.; Lebwohl, B. Increasing prevalence of frailty and its association with readmission and mortality among hospitalized patients with IBD. Dig. Dis. Sci., 2021, 66(12), 4178-4190.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-020-06746-w] [PMID: 33385264]
[158]
Rodríguez-Mañas, L.; Rodríguez-Sánchez, B.; Carnicero, J.A.; Rueda, R.; García-Garcia, F.J.; Pereira, S.L.; Sulo, S. Impact of nutritional status according to GLIM criteria on the risk of incident frailty and mortality in community-dwelling older adults. Clin. Nutr., 2021, 40(3), 1192-1198.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.07.032] [PMID: 32826110]
[159]
Tański, W.; Wójciga, J.; Jankowska-Polańska, B. Association between malnutrition and quality of life in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Nutrients, 2021, 13(4), 1259.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13041259] [PMID: 33921207]
[160]
Emmerton, D.; Abdelhafiz, A. Newer anti-diabetic therapies with low hypoglycemic risk-potential advantages for frail older people. Hosp. Pract., 2021, 49(3), 164-175.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21548331.2021.1905414] [PMID: 33729898]
[161]
Fotuhi, M.; Hachinski, V.; Whitehouse, P.J. Changing perspectives regarding late-life dementia. Nat. Rev. Neurol., 2009, 5(12), 649-658.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2009.175] [PMID: 19918254]
[162]
Arvanitakis, Z.; Leurgans, S.E.; Barnes, L.L.; Bennett, D.A.; Schneider, J.A. Microinfarct pathology, dementia, and cognitive systems. Stroke, 2011, 42(3), 722-727.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.595082] [PMID: 21212395]
[163]
Sonnen, J.A.; Larson, E.B.; Crane, P.K.; Haneuse, S.; Li, G.; Schellenberg, G.D.; Craft, S.; Leverenz, J.B.; Montine, T.J. Pathological correlates of dementia in a longitudinal, population-based sample of aging. Ann. Neurol., 2007, 62(4), 406-413.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.21208] [PMID: 17879383]
[164]
McKeith, I.; O’Brien, J.; Walker, Z.; Tatsch, K.; Booij, J.; Darcourt, J.; Padovani, A.; Giubbini, R.; Bonuccelli, U.; Volterrani, D.; Holmes, C.; Kemp, P.; Tabet, N.; Meyer, I.; Reininger, C. Sensitivity and specificity of dopamine transporter imaging with 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in dementia with Lewy bodies: A phase III, multicentre study. Lancet Neurol., 2007, 6(4), 305-313.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70057-1] [PMID: 17362834]
[165]
Bocti, C.; Black, S.; Frank, C. Management of dementia with a cerebrovascular component. Alzheimers Dement., 2007, 3(4), 398-403.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2007.07.009] [PMID: 19595960]
[166]
Jansen, S.; Ball, L.; Desbrow, B.; Morgan, K.; Moyle, W.; Hughes, R. Nutrition and dementia care: Informing dietetic practice. Nutr. Diet., 2015, 72(1), 36-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12144]
[167]
Zesiewicz, T.A.; Sullivan, K.L.; Arnulf, I.; Chaudhuri, K.R.; Morgan, J.C.; Gronseth, G.S.; Miyasaki, J.; Iverson, D.J.; Weiner, W.J. Practice Parameter: treatment of nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson disease: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology, 2010, 74(11), 924-931.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181d55f24] [PMID: 20231670]
[168]
Postuma, R.B.; Gagnon, J.-F.; Montplaisir, J.Y. REM sleep behavior disorder and prodromal neurodegeneration – where are we headed? Tremor Hyperkinet. Mov., 2013, 3, 03.
[169]
Vidoni, E.D.; Perales, J.; Alshehri, M.; Giles, A.M.; Siengsukon, C.F.; Burns, J.M. Aerobic exercise sustains performance of instrumental activities of daily living in early-stage alzheimer disease. J. Geriatr. Phys., 2019, 42(3), E129-E134.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/JPT.0000000000000172] [PMID: 29286983]
[170]
Miyasaki, J.M.; Shannon, K.; Voon, V. American academy of neurology review: Report of the quality standards subcommittee of the psychosis, and dementia in parkinson disease (an evidence-based practice parameter): Evaluation and treatment of depression. Neurology, 2006, 66(7), 996-1002.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000215428.46057.3d] [PMID: 16606910]
[171]
Wang, H.F.; Yu, J.T.; Tang, S.W.; Jiang, T.; Tan, C.C.; Meng, X.F.; Wang, C.; Tan, M.S.; Tan, L. Efficacy and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine in cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease, Parkinson’s disease dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies: systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 2015, 86(2), 135-143.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2014-307659] [PMID: 24828899]
[172]
Stinton, C.; McKeith, I.; Taylor, J.P.; Lafortune, L.; Mioshi, E.; Mak, E.; Cambridge, V.; Mason, J.; Thomas, A.; O’Brien, J.T. Pharmacological management of lewy body dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am. J. Psychiatry, 2015, 172(8), 731-742.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.14121582] [PMID: 26085043]
[173]
Dent, E.; Morley, J.E.; Cruz-Jentoft, A.J.; Woodhouse, L.; Rodríguez-Mañas, L.; Fried, L.P.; Woo, J.; Aprahamian, I.; Sanford, A.; Lundy, J.; Landi, F.; Beilby, J.; Martin, F.C.; Bauer, J.M.; Ferrucci, L.; Merchant, R.A.; Dong, B.; Arai, H.; Hoogendijk, E.O.; Won, C.W.; Abbatecola, A.; Cederholm, T.; Strandberg, T.; Gutiérrez Robledo, L.M.; Flicker, L.; Bhasin, S.; Aubertin-Leheudre, M.; Bischoff-Ferrari, H.A.; Guralnik, J.M.; Muscedere, J.; Pahor, M.; Ruiz, J.; Negm, A.M.; Reginster, J.Y.; Waters, D.L.; Vellas, B. Physical frailty: ICFSR international clinical practice guidelines for identification and management. J. Nutr. Health Aging, 2019, 23(9), 771-787.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1273-z] [PMID: 31641726]
[174]
Bruyère, O.; Cavalier, E.; Reginster, J.Y. Vitamin D and osteosarcopenia: An update from epidemiological studies. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care, 2017, 20(6), 498-503.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000411] [PMID: 28806178]
[175]
Wang, H-K.; Hung, C-M.; Lin, S-H.; Tai, Y.C.; Lu, K.; Liliang, P.C.; Lin, C.W.; Lee, Y.C.; Fang, P.H.; Chang, L.C.; Li, Y.C. Increased risk of hip fractures in patients with dementia: A nationwide population-based study. BMC Neurol., 2014, 14(1), 175.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-014-0175-2] [PMID: 25213690]
[176]
Chang, N-T.; Yang, N-P.; Chou, P. Incidence, risk factors and consequences of falling injuries among the community-dwelling elderly in Shihpai, Taiwan. Aging Clin. Exp. Res., 2010, 22(1), 70-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03324818] [PMID: 19934620]
[177]
Netz, Y.; Axelrad, S.; Argov, E. Group physical activity for demented older adults feasibility and effectiveness. Clin. Rehabil., 2007, 21(11), 977-986.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215507078318] [PMID: 17984150]
[178]
Wharton, TC; Ford, BK What is known about dementia care recipient violence and aggression against caregivers? Routledge, 2014, 57(5), 460-477.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01634372.2014.882466]
[179]
O’Leary, D.; Jyringi, D.; Sedler, M. Childhood conduct problems, stages of Alzheimer’s disease, and physical aggression against caregivers. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry, 2005, 20(5), 401-405.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gps.1293] [PMID: 15852459]
[180]
Ryden, M.B. Aggressive behavior in persons with dementia who live in the community. Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord., 1988, 2(4), 342-355.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002093-198802040-00003] [PMID: 3196468]
[181]
Enmarker, I.; Olsen, R.; Hellzen, O. Management of person with dementia with aggressive and violent behaviour: A systematic literature review. Int. J. Older People Nurs., 2011, 6(2), 153-162.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-3743.2010.00235.x] [PMID: 21539720]
[182]
Puts, M.T.E.; Toubasi, S.; Andrew, M.K.; Ashe, M.C.; Ploeg, J.; Atkinson, E.; Ayala, A.P.; Roy, A.; Rodríguez Monforte, M.; Bergman, H.; McGilton, K. Interventions to prevent or reduce the level of frailty in community-dwelling older adults: A scoping review of the literature and international policies. Age Ageing, 2017, 46(3), 383-392.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afw247] [PMID: 28064173]
[183]
Cesari, M.; Vellas, B.; Hsu, F-C.; Newman, A.B.; Doss, H.; King, A.C.; Manini, T.M.; Church, T.; Gill, T.M.; Miller, M.E.; Pahor, M. A physical activity intervention to treat the frailty syndrome in older persons-results from the LIFE-P study. Med. Sci., 2015, 70(2), 216-222.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu099] [PMID: 25387728]
[184]
Cummings, J.; Lai, T-J.; Hemrungrojn, S.; Mohandas, E.; Yun Kim, S.; Nair, G.; Dash, A. Role of donepezil in the management of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies. CNS Neurosci. Ther., 2016, 22(3), 159-166.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cns.12484] [PMID: 26778658]
[185]
McDermott, C.L.; Gruenewald, D.A. Pharmacologic management of agitation in patients with Dementia. Curr. Geriatr. Rep., 2019, 8(1), 1-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13670-019-0269-1] [PMID: 31341757]
[186]
Kaufmann, C.P.; Tremp, R.; Hersberger, K.E.; Lampert, M.L. Inappropriate prescribing: A systematic overview of published assessment tools. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 2014, 70(1), 1-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-013-1575-8] [PMID: 24019054]
[187]
Denison, H.J.; Cooper, C.; Sayer, A.A.; Robinson, S.M. Prevention and optimal management of sarcopenia: A review of combined exercise and nutrition interventions to improve muscle outcomes in older people. Clin. Interv. Aging, 2015, 10, 859-869.
[PMID: 25999704]
[188]
Ble, A.; Cherubini, A.; Volpato, S.; Bartali, B.; Walston, J.D.; Windham, B.G.; Bandinelli, S.; Lauretani, F.; Guralnik, J.M.; Ferrucci, L. Lower plasma vitamin E levels are associated with the frailty syndrome: the InCHIANTI study. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 2006, 61(3), 278-283.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.3.278] [PMID: 16567378]
[189]
Abdelhamid, A.; Bunn, D.; Copley, M.; Cowap, V.; Dickinson, A.; Gray, L.; Howe, A.; Killett, A.; Lee, J.; Li, F.; Poland, F.; Potter, J.; Richardson, K.; Smithard, D.; Fox, C.; Hooper, L. Effectiveness of interventions to directly support food and drink intake in people with dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr., 2016, 16(1), 26.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-016-0196-3] [PMID: 26801619]
[190]
Volkert, D.; Berner, Y.N.; Berry, E.; Cederholm, T.; Coti Bertrand, P.; Milne, A.; Palmblad, J.; Schneider, S.; Sobotka, L.; Stanga, Z.; Lenzen-Grossimlinghaus, R.; Krys, U.; Pirlich, M.; Herbst, B.; Schütz, T.; Schröer, W.; Weinrebe, W.; Ockenga, J.; Lochs, H. ESPEN guidelines on enteral nutrition: Geriatrics. Clin. Nutr., 2006, 25(2), 330-360.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2006.01.012] [PMID: 16735082]
[191]
Islam, F.; Bibi, S.; Meem, A.F.K.; Islam, M.M.; Rahaman, M.S.; Bepary, S.; Rahman, M.M.; Rahman, M.M.; Elzaki, A.; Kajoak, S.; Osman, H.; ElSamani, M.; Khandaker, M.U.; Idris, A.M.; Emran, T.B. Natural bioactive molecules: An alternative approach to the treatment and control of COVID-19. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2021, 22(23), 12638.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312638] [PMID: 34884440]
[192]
Baldwin, R Residential aged care policy in Australia–are we learning from evidence? 2015, 74(2), 128-141.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8500.12131]
[193]
Berry, C.P. Austerity, ageing and the financialisation of pensions policy in the UK. Br. Polit., 2016, 1(1), 2-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/bp.2014.19]
[194]
Lössbroek, J.; Lancee, B.; Van Der Lippe, T.; Schippers, J. Understanding old-age adaptation policies in Europe: The influence of profit, principles and pressures. Ageing Soc., 2019, 39(5), 924-950.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X17001295]
[195]
Hussein, S.; Ismail, M. Ageing and elderly care in the arab region: Policy challenges and opportunities. Ageing Int., 2017, 42(3), 274-289.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12126-016-9244-8] [PMID: 28890585]
[196]
Nan, Y.; Feng, T.; Hu, Y.; Qi, X. Understanding aging policies in China: A bibliometric analysis of policy documents. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2020, 17(16), 5956.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165956] [PMID: 32824512]
[197]
Zhang, X.; Yang, F. Rural informatization policy evolution in China: A bibliometric study. Sci., 2019, 120(1), 129-153.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
53
1
World Chagas Disease
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy