Abstract
The smoke of cigarettes represents an important accelerator of the aging process, and there is no doubt that smoke is an important risk factor for many diseases, in particular for cardiovascular, neoplastic and respiratory diseases. Smoking plays an important role also in the development of other pathological conditions being particularly frequent in geriatric ages, such as dementia, osteoporosis, diabetes, erectile dysfunction, senile macular degeneration, nuclear cataract and alterations of skin. This means that smoke compromises not only life expectancy, but also the quality of the life, favoring the occurrence of non-autonomy. Non-smokers have a much higher life expectancy than smokers, and the suspension of smoking is accompanied, even in the elderly, by an increase in the survival time due to the reduction of smoke-induced biological damage. The first requirement of stopping smoking certainly is the motivation of the smoker himself to do this, since without this motivation any attempt is futile. Today numerous quitting strategies exist, either of pharmacological or non-pharmacological type, which are also advantageous for the elderly person. Approved pharmacological treatments include nicotine replacement therapies, bupropion, drugs targeting cannabinoid receptors and newer pharmacological approaches including the selective nicotinic partial agonists. Varenicline, an alpha4 beta2 nicotinic acetylcoline receptor partial agonist, is the most recently agent approved for smoking cessation. This drug works by reducing the strength of the smokers urge to smoke and by relieving withdrawal symptoms. The most effective smoking cessation programs involve a combination of pharmacotherapy and behavioural and/or cognitive counselling to improve abstinence rates.
Keywords: Smoking cessation, cigarette smoking, aging, longevity, elderly, /kwd, >
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Non Smoking for Successful Aging: Therapeutic Perspectives
Volume: 16 Issue: 7
Author(s): V. Nicita-Mauro, G. Maltese, C. Nicita-Mauro, A. Lasco and G. Basile
Affiliation:
Keywords: Smoking cessation, cigarette smoking, aging, longevity, elderly, /kwd, >
Abstract: The smoke of cigarettes represents an important accelerator of the aging process, and there is no doubt that smoke is an important risk factor for many diseases, in particular for cardiovascular, neoplastic and respiratory diseases. Smoking plays an important role also in the development of other pathological conditions being particularly frequent in geriatric ages, such as dementia, osteoporosis, diabetes, erectile dysfunction, senile macular degeneration, nuclear cataract and alterations of skin. This means that smoke compromises not only life expectancy, but also the quality of the life, favoring the occurrence of non-autonomy. Non-smokers have a much higher life expectancy than smokers, and the suspension of smoking is accompanied, even in the elderly, by an increase in the survival time due to the reduction of smoke-induced biological damage. The first requirement of stopping smoking certainly is the motivation of the smoker himself to do this, since without this motivation any attempt is futile. Today numerous quitting strategies exist, either of pharmacological or non-pharmacological type, which are also advantageous for the elderly person. Approved pharmacological treatments include nicotine replacement therapies, bupropion, drugs targeting cannabinoid receptors and newer pharmacological approaches including the selective nicotinic partial agonists. Varenicline, an alpha4 beta2 nicotinic acetylcoline receptor partial agonist, is the most recently agent approved for smoking cessation. This drug works by reducing the strength of the smokers urge to smoke and by relieving withdrawal symptoms. The most effective smoking cessation programs involve a combination of pharmacotherapy and behavioural and/or cognitive counselling to improve abstinence rates.
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Cite this article as:
Nicita-Mauro V., Maltese G., Nicita-Mauro C., Lasco A. and Basile G., Non Smoking for Successful Aging: Therapeutic Perspectives, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2010; 16 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210790883552
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210790883552 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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