Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), a receptor tyrosine kinase in the insulin receptor superfamily, was originally identified as the oncogenic NPM (nucleophosmin)-ALK fusion protein due to a t (2;5) chromosomal translocation in anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Many other chromosomal rearrangements or gene mutations/amplification leading to enhanced ALK activity have subsequently been identified and characterized in a number of human cancer types. The recent reports of EML4 (echinoderm microtubule-associated protein- like 4)-ALK oncogenic proteins in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the identification of ALK activating point mutations and gene amplification in neuroblastoma have indicated ALK as a potential major therapeutic target for human cancers. In this review, the role of oncogenic ALK in development of various human cancers is summarized and the efforts and progress of developing small molecule ALK inhibitors as potential cancer therapeutics are updated. Several small molecule ALK inhibitors from distinctive chemical scaffolds in either clinical or preclinical development stage are highlighted and profiled. The challenges and future directions of developing small molecule ALK inhibitors as cancer therapeutics are discussed.
Keywords: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase, chromosomal translocation, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, non-small cell lung carcinoma, activating mutation, neuroblastoma, tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase as a Therapeutic Target in Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Neuroblastoma
Volume: 10 Issue: 3
Author(s): Mangeng Cheng and Gregory R. Ott
Affiliation:
Keywords: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase, chromosomal translocation, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, non-small cell lung carcinoma, activating mutation, neuroblastoma, tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Abstract: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), a receptor tyrosine kinase in the insulin receptor superfamily, was originally identified as the oncogenic NPM (nucleophosmin)-ALK fusion protein due to a t (2;5) chromosomal translocation in anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Many other chromosomal rearrangements or gene mutations/amplification leading to enhanced ALK activity have subsequently been identified and characterized in a number of human cancer types. The recent reports of EML4 (echinoderm microtubule-associated protein- like 4)-ALK oncogenic proteins in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the identification of ALK activating point mutations and gene amplification in neuroblastoma have indicated ALK as a potential major therapeutic target for human cancers. In this review, the role of oncogenic ALK in development of various human cancers is summarized and the efforts and progress of developing small molecule ALK inhibitors as potential cancer therapeutics are updated. Several small molecule ALK inhibitors from distinctive chemical scaffolds in either clinical or preclinical development stage are highlighted and profiled. The challenges and future directions of developing small molecule ALK inhibitors as cancer therapeutics are discussed.
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Cite this article as:
Cheng Mangeng and R. Ott Gregory, Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase as a Therapeutic Target in Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Neuroblastoma, Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2010; 10 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520611009030236
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520611009030236 |
Print ISSN 1871-5206 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5992 |
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