Abstract
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) has been recognised for nearly 50 years. It is associated with antipsychotic drugs and is usually persistent with no satisfactory treatment. It is believed to be under-documented in medical records. Many rating scales have been devised to measure TD. Studies have demonstrated variability between the rating scales on the measures of reliability and validity, the clinical setting used, the raters involved in the ratings and the provision of definitions and instructions. Scales that include too many items to be comprehensive become cumbersome and difficult to use. A compromise is to reduce the number of items and have add-in items for individual patients. A good example of this approach is the Abbreviated Dyskinesia Scale (ADS). Rating scales continue to be the best available methods to evaluate dyskinesia but in view of the shortcomings of validity, reliability and utility for clinical use, more efforts need to be done to improve current rating scales and to develop new ones.
Keywords: Tardive dyskinesia, rating scales, anti-psychotics, movement disorder, schizophrenia
Current Drug Targets
Title: A Critical Review of Rating Scales in the Assessment of Movement Disorders in Schizophrenia
Volume: 7 Issue: 9
Author(s): U. Taksh
Affiliation:
Keywords: Tardive dyskinesia, rating scales, anti-psychotics, movement disorder, schizophrenia
Abstract: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) has been recognised for nearly 50 years. It is associated with antipsychotic drugs and is usually persistent with no satisfactory treatment. It is believed to be under-documented in medical records. Many rating scales have been devised to measure TD. Studies have demonstrated variability between the rating scales on the measures of reliability and validity, the clinical setting used, the raters involved in the ratings and the provision of definitions and instructions. Scales that include too many items to be comprehensive become cumbersome and difficult to use. A compromise is to reduce the number of items and have add-in items for individual patients. A good example of this approach is the Abbreviated Dyskinesia Scale (ADS). Rating scales continue to be the best available methods to evaluate dyskinesia but in view of the shortcomings of validity, reliability and utility for clinical use, more efforts need to be done to improve current rating scales and to develop new ones.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Taksh U., A Critical Review of Rating Scales in the Assessment of Movement Disorders in Schizophrenia, Current Drug Targets 2006; 7 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945006778226589
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945006778226589 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New drug therapy for eye diseases
Eyesight is one of the most critical senses, accounting for over 80% of our perceptions. Our quality of life might be significantly affected by eye disease, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye, etc. Although the development of microinvasive ocular surgery reduces surgical complications and improves overall outcomes, medication therapy is ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Chaperonopathies and Chaperonotherapy. Hsp60 as Therapeutic Target in Cancer: Potential Benefits and Risks
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of Autophagy in Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Enzyme Inhibition A Systematic Review of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injury, Intervertebral Disc Repair and Spinal Fusion
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Blood-Brain Barrier Transport of Drugs for the Treatment of Brain Diseases
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Current Status in Iron Chelation in Hemoglobinopathies
Current Molecular Medicine Potential Role of Rho-Associated Protein Kinase Inhibitors for Glaucoma Treatment
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Haloperidol Cytotoxicity and Its Relation to Oxidative Stress
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacological Management of Psychosis in Parkinson Disease: A Review
Current Drug Therapy Role for Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Activation in Diabetic Nephropathy, Neuropathy and Retinopathy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Multimodality Imaging of CXCR4 in Cancer: Current Status towards Clinical Translation
Current Molecular Medicine Investigation of Diagnostic Proteins by 2D Electrophoresis in Major Depression Model Induced by Forced Swim Test in Rats
Protein & Peptide Letters The Endocannabinoid System in Peripheral Lymphocytes as a Mirror of Neuroinflammatory Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Central Nervous System Vasculitis: Still More Questions than Answers
Current Neuropharmacology Anti-Aggressive, Brain Neurotransmitters and Receptor Binding Study of Fumaria indica in Rodents
Current Psychopharmacology Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans for CNS Homeostasis-Implications for Material Design
Current Medicinal Chemistry Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Cardiovascular Disease: Exploring Pathophysiology and Existing Data
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Neurologic Sequelae in Critical Illness: Evaluation and Outcomes
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Recent Advances and Patents on Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices
Recent Patents on Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) The Role of Autophagy: What can be Learned from the Genetic Forms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Genetic Aspects of Lone Atrial Fibrillation: What Do We Know?
Current Pharmaceutical Design