Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive cognitive decline and accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) forming senile plaques that are associated with inflammatory molecules and cells. Resident microglia and newly differentiated cells that are derived from the bone marrow are found in the vicinity of Aβ plaques. Although these two types of microglia are not distinguishable by specific markers in the brain, they seem to possess different phenotype and functions. In mouse models of AD, bone marrow-derived microglia (BMDM) have been shown to delay or stop the progression of AD and preventing their recruitment exacerbates the pathology. Transplantation of competent hematopoietic stem cells or their genetic modifications ameliorate cognitive functions, reduce Aβ accumulation and prevent synaptic dysfunctions. Improving the recruitment of genetically-modified BMDM may be considered as a powerful new therapeutic strategy to counteract AD. Here we review the role of microglia subsets in AD and how these cells have a great potential to fight against Aβ accumulation and cognitive impairment.
Keywords: Microglia, Alzheimers disease, CCR2, CX3CR1, Inflammation, Innate immunity, Cytokines, Chemokines
Current Alzheimer Research
Title: The Role of Microglial Cell Subsets in Alzheimers Disease
Volume: 8 Issue: 2
Author(s): G. Naert and S. Rivest
Affiliation:
Keywords: Microglia, Alzheimers disease, CCR2, CX3CR1, Inflammation, Innate immunity, Cytokines, Chemokines
Abstract: Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive cognitive decline and accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) forming senile plaques that are associated with inflammatory molecules and cells. Resident microglia and newly differentiated cells that are derived from the bone marrow are found in the vicinity of Aβ plaques. Although these two types of microglia are not distinguishable by specific markers in the brain, they seem to possess different phenotype and functions. In mouse models of AD, bone marrow-derived microglia (BMDM) have been shown to delay or stop the progression of AD and preventing their recruitment exacerbates the pathology. Transplantation of competent hematopoietic stem cells or their genetic modifications ameliorate cognitive functions, reduce Aβ accumulation and prevent synaptic dysfunctions. Improving the recruitment of genetically-modified BMDM may be considered as a powerful new therapeutic strategy to counteract AD. Here we review the role of microglia subsets in AD and how these cells have a great potential to fight against Aβ accumulation and cognitive impairment.
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Cite this article as:
Naert G. and Rivest S., The Role of Microglial Cell Subsets in Alzheimers Disease, Current Alzheimer Research 2011; 8 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720511795256035
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720511795256035 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
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Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
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Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite decades of research, no cure or disease-modifying treatment is available yet. Therefore, the need for developing effective therapies to treat Alzheimer's disease is an urgent matter. This special issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
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