Abstract
Diarrhea is the pathophysiological reaction of hosts gastrointestinal tract to a variety of external stimuli. Classified as a clinical syndrome, diarrhea is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Clinical manifestations can occur in two major forms: A) acute, which usually resolves in less than three weeks and B) chronic, which can last for months. Because of its impact on the host immune system, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is currently the major cause of chronic diarrhea in many parts of the world. It is estimated that up to 90% of HIV-infected individuals with symptoms of AIDS exhibit clinical diarrhea [9, 74, 55]. In SIV-infected rhesus macaques, intense infiltration of intestinal lamina propria with virus-containing lymhocytes and macrophages can be found within days after experimental virus inoculation [25, 57]. In addition to acute enteropathy syndrome, viral infection ultimately leads to other alterations of the gastrointestinal tract including persistent and/or chronic diarrhea, a condition similar to untreated AIDS of human patients. In this short review, the chronic diarrhea is presented from the perspective of the non-human primate or simian model of AIDS (SAIDS), and its most common opportunistic and pathogenic co-infections.
Keywords: non-human primate, chronic diarrhea, aids, hiv, siv
Current HIV Research
Title: Chronic Diarrhea and AIDS: Insights into Studies with Non-Human Primates
Volume: 3 Issue: 3
Author(s): Karol Sestak
Affiliation:
Keywords: non-human primate, chronic diarrhea, aids, hiv, siv
Abstract: Diarrhea is the pathophysiological reaction of hosts gastrointestinal tract to a variety of external stimuli. Classified as a clinical syndrome, diarrhea is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Clinical manifestations can occur in two major forms: A) acute, which usually resolves in less than three weeks and B) chronic, which can last for months. Because of its impact on the host immune system, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is currently the major cause of chronic diarrhea in many parts of the world. It is estimated that up to 90% of HIV-infected individuals with symptoms of AIDS exhibit clinical diarrhea [9, 74, 55]. In SIV-infected rhesus macaques, intense infiltration of intestinal lamina propria with virus-containing lymhocytes and macrophages can be found within days after experimental virus inoculation [25, 57]. In addition to acute enteropathy syndrome, viral infection ultimately leads to other alterations of the gastrointestinal tract including persistent and/or chronic diarrhea, a condition similar to untreated AIDS of human patients. In this short review, the chronic diarrhea is presented from the perspective of the non-human primate or simian model of AIDS (SAIDS), and its most common opportunistic and pathogenic co-infections.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Sestak Karol, Chronic Diarrhea and AIDS: Insights into Studies with Non-Human Primates, Current HIV Research 2005; 3 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162054368084
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162054368084 |
Print ISSN 1570-162X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4251 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
The Natural Flavonoid Naringenin Inhibits the Cell Growth of Wilms Tumor in Children by Suppressing TLR4/NF-κB Signaling
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design TXNL1 Induces Apoptosis in Cisplatin Resistant Human Gastric Cancer Cell Lines
Current Cancer Drug Targets Signal Transduction of Radiation and/or Hyperthermic Cancer Therapies
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Exploring the Targets of Novel Corona Virus and Docking-based Screening of Potential Natural Inhibitors to Combat COVID-19
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Diclofenac 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives; Biology-Oriented Drug Synthesis (BIODS) in Search of Better Non-Steroidal, Non-Acid Antiinflammatory Agents
Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Autophagy in the Brain: A Promising Approach?
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacogenetics and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Directing an Appropriate Immune Response: The Role of Defense Collagens and other Soluble Pattern Recognition Molecules
Current Drug Targets Current Pharmacological Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Current Clinical Pharmacology Synthesis of Medicinally Privileged Heterocycles through Dielectric Heating
Current Medicinal Chemistry Retraction Notice: Current Management of Vomiting After Tonsillectomy in Children
Current Drug Safety Pleiotropic Effects of Statin in Therapy in Heart Failure: A Review
Current Vascular Pharmacology STAT Signaling and Cell Function
Current Genomics Biological Ageing, Inflammation and Nutrition: How Might They Impact on Systemic Sclerosis?
Current Aging Science Protein-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
Current Organic Chemistry Non-Peptidic Inhibitors of Cysteine Proteases
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Nitric Oxide as a Marker for Levo-Thyroxine Therapy in Subclinical Hypothyroid Patients
Current Vascular Pharmacology Cell-free Nucleic Acids as a Non-Invasive Route for Investigating Atherosclerosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Ex Vivo Liver – Directed Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases: Advances in Hepatocyte Transplantation and Retroviral Vectors
Current Gene Therapy