In vitro Propagation of Cichorium intybus L. and Quantification of Enhanced Secondary Metabolite (Esculin)

Mehrnaz      S. Ohadi Rafsanjani; Amene      Alvari; Anis      Mohammad; M.      Z. Abdin; M.      A. Hejazi

Abstract

In this report, rapid and effective shoot as well as root regeneration system through direct multiplication was successfully developed for Cichorium intybus L. Furthermore, the effect of exogenous growth regulators (TDZ and IAA) at different concentrations on the regulation process of the plant was also studied. Enhanced production of esculin in developed C. intybus L. was evaluated using leaf extract. Only on the expense of 20 days, regeneration was seen and very low dose of TDZ was seen to be more effective. When 0.02mg/L of TDZ was combined with 1.5mg/L of IAA, nearly 100% of explants produced shoots with the highest number of regenerated shoots (85.37). With further increase in concentration (≥0.05mg/L), the number of shoots per explants get decreased. A lower NAA to IBA ratio (1.0mg/L of IBA and 0.5mg/L of NAA) seemed to be more effective for root generation and considered to be the most effective combination among the tried groups. IBA was more effective in root development than NAA, but both were comparatively effective. On quantitative analysis by RP-HPLC, the 76.23% of Esculin were found in leaf extract of the in vitro developed C. intybus L. This amount was 26.77% higher than normal grown plants.

Keywords: Cichorium intybus L, TDZ, IAA, IBA, NAA, in-vitro propagation, Esculin extraction, HPLC, chicory, inulin, bitter sesquiterpene lactones, coumarins, flavonoids, vitamins, dysmenor-rhoea