Abstract
Oxygen delivery has evolved as a therapy of widespread interest in the clinical setting, especially in emergency medicine and anesthesiology. With the widespread recognition of blood-borne infections during the last two decades and the looming shortage of donor blood in future, efforts to formulate an artificial substitute for oxygen carrying capacity of RBCs have increased. Such blood substitutes, defined more correctly as oxygen therapeutics, are particularly valuable in circumstances such as war and trauma situations where properly matched blood may not be immediately available or is not accepted by the recipients for religious reasons. Several elegant formulations of hemoglobin, both free and encapsulated, have evolved recently and are collectively referred to as hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs). Few HBOCs have successfully entered into the clinical phase. This review discusses formulation requirements of HBOCs from a physiological viewpoint. Physico-pharmaceutical parameters, such as colloidal oncotic pressure, osmolality, viscosity, sterility, apyrogenicity and shelf-stability are traditionally a concern for large volume parenterals meant for resuscitation purposes. At the same time, properties such as oxygen affinity, hemoglobin content and in vivo efficacy of oxygen carriers are specific to HBOCs. Owing to the presence of a very active and functional protein (hemoglobin), requirements for adequate performance of HBOCs significantly differ from those of other large-volume parenterals, such as lactated Ringers solution, and plasma expanders, such as dextran or albumin solutions.
Keywords: hemoglobin, hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, hemorrhagic shock, oxygen therapeutics
Current Drug Delivery
Title: Pharmaceutical Aspects of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers
Volume: 2 Issue: 2
Author(s): Vibhudutta Awasthi
Affiliation:
Keywords: hemoglobin, hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, hemorrhagic shock, oxygen therapeutics
Abstract: Oxygen delivery has evolved as a therapy of widespread interest in the clinical setting, especially in emergency medicine and anesthesiology. With the widespread recognition of blood-borne infections during the last two decades and the looming shortage of donor blood in future, efforts to formulate an artificial substitute for oxygen carrying capacity of RBCs have increased. Such blood substitutes, defined more correctly as oxygen therapeutics, are particularly valuable in circumstances such as war and trauma situations where properly matched blood may not be immediately available or is not accepted by the recipients for religious reasons. Several elegant formulations of hemoglobin, both free and encapsulated, have evolved recently and are collectively referred to as hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs). Few HBOCs have successfully entered into the clinical phase. This review discusses formulation requirements of HBOCs from a physiological viewpoint. Physico-pharmaceutical parameters, such as colloidal oncotic pressure, osmolality, viscosity, sterility, apyrogenicity and shelf-stability are traditionally a concern for large volume parenterals meant for resuscitation purposes. At the same time, properties such as oxygen affinity, hemoglobin content and in vivo efficacy of oxygen carriers are specific to HBOCs. Owing to the presence of a very active and functional protein (hemoglobin), requirements for adequate performance of HBOCs significantly differ from those of other large-volume parenterals, such as lactated Ringers solution, and plasma expanders, such as dextran or albumin solutions.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Awasthi Vibhudutta, Pharmaceutical Aspects of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers, Current Drug Delivery 2005; 2 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201053586029
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201053586029 |
Print ISSN 1567-2018 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5704 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of natural products, bio-actives and novel drug delivery system against emerging viral infections
Due to the increasing prevalence of viral infections and the ability of these human pathogens to develop resistance to current treatment strategies, there is a great need to find and develop new compounds to combat them. These molecules must have low toxicity, specific activity and high bioavailability. The most suitable ...read more
Electrospun Fibers as Drug Delivery Systems
In recent years, electrospun fibers have attracted considerable attention as potential platforms for drug delivery due to their distinctive properties and adaptability. These fibers feature a notable surface area-to-volume ratio and can be intentionally designed with high porosity, facilitating an increased capacity for drug loading and rendering them suitable for ...read more
Emerging Nanotherapeutics for Mitigation of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Conditions affecting the central nervous system (CNS) present a significant hurdle due to limited access of both treatments and diagnostic tools for the brain. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a barrier, restricting the passage of molecules from the bloodstream into the brain. The most formidable challenge facing scientists is ...read more
Nanotechnology Based Chemotherapy for the treatment of Head & Neck Cancer
The escalating recurrence rates observed in Head and Neck cancer, particularly within the chemo-therapeutically treated cohort (50-60%), can be attributed to the non-selective nature of current anticancer drug delivery modalities. In this context, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems emerge as a promising avenue for achieving precise localization of therapeutic agents to ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Use of Nanotechnology in Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatic Fibrosis: A Review
Current Drug Delivery Early Ischemic Blood Brain Barrier Damage: A Potential Indicator for Hemorrhagic Transformation Following Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) Thrombolysis?
Current Neurovascular Research Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Modeling of 2-Pyridin-3-yl-Benzo[d][1,3]Oxazin-4-one Derivatives by Several Conformational Searching Tools and Molecular Docking
Current Pharmaceutical Design Glycosomal Targets for Anti-Trypanosomatid Drug Discovery
Current Medicinal Chemistry mTOR: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Diseases of Multiple Systems
Current Drug Targets Potential Therapeutic Properties of Natural Products Through the Expression of Heme Oxygenase-1
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry Olanzapine Does not Aggrevate Ischemic Neuronal Injury by Focal Cerebral Ischemia: A Dose Related Restriction of the Neuroprotective Effect?
Medicinal Chemistry Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis/Treatment of Atherosclerosis
Current Nutrition & Food Science Is there Evidence to Support the Use of Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors in Coronary Artery Disease?
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials The Role of Oxidative Stress and Anti-Oxidant Treatment in Platinum- Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity
Current Cancer Drug Targets Biosynthesis and Metabolic Engineering of Anthocyanins in Arabidopsis thaliana
Recent Patents on Biotechnology Selenoproteins and their Role in Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Current Chemical Biology Overlap Syndrome of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Two-Faced Janus
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Exosomal MicroRNA: Diagnostic Marker and Therapeutic Tool for Lung Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Glutamate Dehydrogenase as a Promising Target for Hyperinsulinism Hyperammonemia Syndrome Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cardiovascular Disease and Inflammation: Novel Biomarkers of Inflammation and Endothelial Activation
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) An Update on the Association of Protein Kinases with Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Therapeutic Angiogenesis for Islet Revascularization
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Role of Endogenous Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Following Stroke and Relationship to Neurological Outcome
Current Neurovascular Research