Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), i.e., meeting criteria for any three of the following: hyperglycemia, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein and/or abdominal obesity, is associated with negative health outcomes. For example, MetS negatively impacts cognition; however, less is known about incremental MetS risk, i.e., meeting 1 or 2 as opposed to 3 or more criteria. We hypothesized incremental MetS risk would negatively contribute to cognition and relevant neuroanatomy, e.g., memory and hippocampal volumes, and that this risk extends to affective functioning. 119 non-demented/non-depressed participants (age=60.1+12.9;~50% African American) grouped by incremental MetSrisk–no (0 criteria met), low (1-2 criteria met), or high (3+ criteria met)–were compared across cognition, affect and relevant neuroanatomy using multivariable linear regressions. Exploratory analyses, stratified by race, consider the role of health disparities in disease severity of individual MetS component (e.g., actual blood pressure readings) on significant results from primary analyses. Incremental MetS risk contributed to depressive symptomatology (no<low<high), learning and memory performance (no>low=high) after controlling for age, race (n.s.) and IQ. Different indices of disease severity contributed to different aspects of brain structure and function by race providing empirical support for future studies of the impact distinct health disparities in vascular risk have on brain aging. MetS compromised mood, cognition and hippocampal structure with incremental risk applying to some but not all of these outcomes. Care providers may wish to monitor a broader spectrum of risk including components of MetS like blood pressure and cholesterol levels when considering brainbehavior relationships in adults from diverse populations.
Keywords: Affect, aging, cognition, health disparities, metabolic syndrome, neuroanatomy, vascular risk.
Current Alzheimer Research
Title:What Metabolic Syndrome Contributes to Brain Outcomes in African American & Caucasian Cohorts
Volume: 12 Issue: 7
Author(s): Melissa Lamar, Leah H. Rubin, Olusola Ajilore, Rebecca Charlton, Aifeng Zhang, Shaolin Yang, Jamie Cohen and Anand Kumar
Affiliation:
Keywords: Affect, aging, cognition, health disparities, metabolic syndrome, neuroanatomy, vascular risk.
Abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), i.e., meeting criteria for any three of the following: hyperglycemia, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein and/or abdominal obesity, is associated with negative health outcomes. For example, MetS negatively impacts cognition; however, less is known about incremental MetS risk, i.e., meeting 1 or 2 as opposed to 3 or more criteria. We hypothesized incremental MetS risk would negatively contribute to cognition and relevant neuroanatomy, e.g., memory and hippocampal volumes, and that this risk extends to affective functioning. 119 non-demented/non-depressed participants (age=60.1+12.9;~50% African American) grouped by incremental MetSrisk–no (0 criteria met), low (1-2 criteria met), or high (3+ criteria met)–were compared across cognition, affect and relevant neuroanatomy using multivariable linear regressions. Exploratory analyses, stratified by race, consider the role of health disparities in disease severity of individual MetS component (e.g., actual blood pressure readings) on significant results from primary analyses. Incremental MetS risk contributed to depressive symptomatology (no<low<high), learning and memory performance (no>low=high) after controlling for age, race (n.s.) and IQ. Different indices of disease severity contributed to different aspects of brain structure and function by race providing empirical support for future studies of the impact distinct health disparities in vascular risk have on brain aging. MetS compromised mood, cognition and hippocampal structure with incremental risk applying to some but not all of these outcomes. Care providers may wish to monitor a broader spectrum of risk including components of MetS like blood pressure and cholesterol levels when considering brainbehavior relationships in adults from diverse populations.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Lamar Melissa, Rubin H. Leah, Ajilore Olusola, Charlton Rebecca, Zhang Aifeng, Yang Shaolin, Cohen Jamie and Kumar Anand, What Metabolic Syndrome Contributes to Brain Outcomes in African American & Caucasian Cohorts, Current Alzheimer Research 2015; 12 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205012666150701102325
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205012666150701102325 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Alzheimer's Disease Drug Development
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite decades of research, no cure or disease-modifying treatment is available yet. Therefore, the need for developing effective therapies to treat Alzheimer's disease is an urgent matter. This special issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Molecular Genetics of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Update
Current Molecular Medicine Editorial (Thematic Issue: Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity and Insulin Resistance)
Current Vascular Pharmacology SIRT1 – An Anti-Inflammatory Pathway at the Crossroads Between Metabolic Disease and Atherosclerosis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Subfractions and Subpopulations of HDL: An Update
Current Medicinal Chemistry Role of Carbon Monoxide in Vascular Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Cholesterol, Copper and Aβ in Controls, MCI, AD and the AD Cholesterol- Lowering Treatment Trial (ADCLT)
Current Alzheimer Research Neural Control of Blood Pressure: Focusing on Capsaicin-Sensitive Sensory Nerves
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets A Systematic Review of Lifestyle Modification and Glucose Intolerance in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews Physical Function and Exercise in Older Patients with Cardiovascular and Respiratory Conditions
Current Pharmaceutical Design Non-Peptidic Small-Molecule Antagonists of the Human Platelet Thrombin Receptor PAR-1
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents The Unaddressed Issue of Optimal Antithrombotic Treatment after Coronary Artery Stenting in Patients with an Indication for Anticoagulation: Current Evidence and Suggested Practice
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Vitamin D Supplementation and Cancer: Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Roles of CLR/RAMP Receptor Signaling in Reproduction and Development
Current Protein & Peptide Science Frequencies of Specific Peptides in Intrinsic Disordered Protein Domains
Protein & Peptide Letters Editorial: Modifying Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Acquired Topics and Emerging Concepts
Current Pharmaceutical Design Prevalence and Predictors of Overweight and Obesity in Patients with Pituitary Dysfunctions
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Heme Oxygenase-1 as a Target for the Design of Gene and Pharmaceutical Therapies for Autoimmune Diseases
Current Gene Therapy Effects of Hypoxia and Ischemia on MicroRNAs in the Brain
Current Medicinal Chemistry Emerging Indications for Statins: A Pluripotent Family of Agents with Several Potential Applications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Effect of Systemic Inflammation on the Function of Insulin and Glucose Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Diabetes Reviews