Abstract
While combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) can drive HIV-1 RNA levels to < 50 copies/mL in patient plasma, most infected individuals continue to harbor low-level persistent viremia. Latently infected resting CD4+ T cells are thought to constitute the major reservoir of HIV-1 persistence. In this reservoir, the integrated provirus remains transcriptionally silent as long as the host cell is in a resting state. On discontinuation of cART, these viruses can reactivate and lead to waves of de novo infection events. The prevailing hypothesis in the field is that molecules that reactivate latent HIV-1 infection will purge this reservoir by inducing transcription of the latent provirus, thereby causing cells to undergo apoptosis. This review article summarizes the results of all therapeutic approaches that have been clinically evaluated for their potential to reverse HIV latency.
Keywords: Cure, HIV-1, Latency, Latency reversing agents, Resting CD4+ T cells.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Therapeutic Approaches to Eradicate Latent HIV-1 in Resting CD4+ T Cells
Volume: 16 Issue: 10
Author(s): Nicolas Sluis-Cremer
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cure, HIV-1, Latency, Latency reversing agents, Resting CD4+ T cells.
Abstract: While combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) can drive HIV-1 RNA levels to < 50 copies/mL in patient plasma, most infected individuals continue to harbor low-level persistent viremia. Latently infected resting CD4+ T cells are thought to constitute the major reservoir of HIV-1 persistence. In this reservoir, the integrated provirus remains transcriptionally silent as long as the host cell is in a resting state. On discontinuation of cART, these viruses can reactivate and lead to waves of de novo infection events. The prevailing hypothesis in the field is that molecules that reactivate latent HIV-1 infection will purge this reservoir by inducing transcription of the latent provirus, thereby causing cells to undergo apoptosis. This review article summarizes the results of all therapeutic approaches that have been clinically evaluated for their potential to reverse HIV latency.
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Cite this article as:
Sluis-Cremer Nicolas, Therapeutic Approaches to Eradicate Latent HIV-1 in Resting CD4+ T Cells, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 16 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150901114138
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150901114138 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
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