摘要
背景:越来越多的证据表明,犬尿氨酸代谢途径的参与和犬尿酸产生的增强在生酮饮食的神经保护作用中。 目的:本文回顾了生酮饮食在与神经退行性疾病相关的眼部疾病中的作用。 结果:生酮饮食和暴露于生酮饮食期间升高的酮体各自对N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸诱导的神经元损伤的大鼠模型中的视网膜神经节细胞具有神经保护作用。生酮饮食的慢性暴露也增加离散大鼠脑结构中的犬尿酸浓度。非选择性谷氨酸受体激动剂谷氨酸也降低了牛视网膜切片中犬尿烯酸的产生;这种作用被乙酰乙酸和β-羟基丁酸减弱,在生酮饮食中过度产生三种酮体中的两种。 观点:生酮饮食是否诱导犬尿酸产生增强将转化为某些眼部疾病如青光眼和视网膜神经变性在临床上的显着改善等待进一步的实验和临床验证。
关键词: 眼,生酮饮食,犬尿酸,犬尿氨酸,神经保护,视网膜。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Kynurenic Acid and Neuroprotective Activity of the Ketogenic Diet in the Eye
Volume: 24 Issue: 32
关键词: 眼,生酮饮食,犬尿酸,犬尿氨酸,神经保护,视网膜。
摘要: Background: There is growing evidence of the involvement of the kynurenine metabolic pathway and the enhancement of kynurenic acid production in the neuroprotective effects of the ketogenic diet.
Objective: Here, we review evidence implicating kynurenic acid in the efficacy of ketogenic diet in eye diseases associated with neurodegeneration.
Findings: Ketogenic diet and ketone bodies that are elevated during exposure to the ketogenic diet each have a neuroprotective effect on retinal ganglion cells in a rat model of Nmethyl- D-aspartate induced neuronal damage. Chronic exposure to ketogenic diet also increases kynurenic acid concentrations in discrete rat brain structures. A non-selective glutamate receptor agonist, glutamate, also decreases the production of kynurenic acid in bovine retinal slices; this effect is attenuated by acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, two of three ketone bodies overproduced during ketogenic diet.
Perspective: Whether ketogenic diet induced enhancement of kynurenic acid production would translate into a clinically significant improvement in certain eye diseases like glaucoma and retinal neurodegenerations awaits further experimental and clinical verification.
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Cite this article as:
Kynurenic Acid and Neuroprotective Activity of the Ketogenic Diet in the Eye, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 24 (32) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170509120257
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170509120257 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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