Abstract
Cystatin C (CysC), a cysteine protease inhibitor, has been widely proven to be a highly sensitive biomarker to predict the kidney function. The similarity of the renal and cerebral small vessels has awakened a surge of studies suggesting that CysC plays a key role in various cerebrovascular disorders. This review focuses on four major mechanisms of CysC in a variety of cerebrovascular diseases. (1) The property of the CysC Leu-68-Gln (L68Q) variant to aggregate and the property of the wild type CysC protein to co-aggregate with Amyloid-β (Aβ); (2) The disruption of equilibrium between CysC and related cysteine proteases; (3) The function of CysC as an inflammatory inducing factor; (4) The ability of CysC to induce autophagy. The combination of these CysC properties provides a well-supported novel biomarker for cerebrovascular diseases.
Keywords: CysC, cerebrovascular diseases, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), cerebral aneurysms (CAs), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), ischemic stroke, cerebral small vascular diseases (CSVDs), vascular dementia (VD).
Current Neurovascular Research
Title:Cystatin C in Cerebrovascular Disorders
Volume: 14 Issue: 4
Author(s): Yaru Zhang and Li Sun*
Affiliation:
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun,China
Keywords: CysC, cerebrovascular diseases, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), cerebral aneurysms (CAs), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), ischemic stroke, cerebral small vascular diseases (CSVDs), vascular dementia (VD).
Abstract: Cystatin C (CysC), a cysteine protease inhibitor, has been widely proven to be a highly sensitive biomarker to predict the kidney function. The similarity of the renal and cerebral small vessels has awakened a surge of studies suggesting that CysC plays a key role in various cerebrovascular disorders. This review focuses on four major mechanisms of CysC in a variety of cerebrovascular diseases. (1) The property of the CysC Leu-68-Gln (L68Q) variant to aggregate and the property of the wild type CysC protein to co-aggregate with Amyloid-β (Aβ); (2) The disruption of equilibrium between CysC and related cysteine proteases; (3) The function of CysC as an inflammatory inducing factor; (4) The ability of CysC to induce autophagy. The combination of these CysC properties provides a well-supported novel biomarker for cerebrovascular diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zhang Yaru and Sun Li *, Cystatin C in Cerebrovascular Disorders, Current Neurovascular Research 2017; 14 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567202614666171116102504
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567202614666171116102504 |
Print ISSN 1567-2026 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5739 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Cerebral Artery Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Developmental Changes in Dynamics and Ca<sup>2+</sup> Sensitivity
Current Vascular Pharmacology General Anesthetics in Brain Injury: Friends or Foes?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Drug Delivery Systems and Strategies to Overcome the Barriers of Brain
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Possible Therapeutic Actions of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α(PPARα) Agonists,PPARγ Agonists,3-Hydroxy-3- Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA)Reductase Inhibitors,Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)Inhibitors and Calcium (Ca)-Antagonists on Vascular Endothelial Cells
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Elderly: An Update on Drugs Used to Treat Glycaemia
Current Vascular Pharmacology Functional Foods for Management of Diarrhea and Malnutrition in Rats Emphasizing on Nucleotides Role
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture Aging in Down Syndrome and the Development of Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropathology
Current Alzheimer Research The Role of microRNA in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke
Current Drug Delivery The Role of Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Aneurysm Formation and Rupture
Current Neurovascular Research A Contemporary Approach to Macular Edema Treatment in Retinal Vein Occlusion
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Fish Oil Prevents Oxidative Stress and Exerts Sustained Antiamnesic Effect After Global Cerebral Ischemia
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Nanomedicinal Approach of Getting Across the Brood-Brain Barrier with Nanomedicinal Nanoparticles
Current Medicinal Chemistry Growth and Trophic Factors, pH and the Na+/H+ Exchanger in Alzheimers Disease, Other Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cancer: New Therapeutic Possibilities and Potential Dangers
Current Alzheimer Research IgG4 Related Syndrome: Another Multiorgan Disease in the Interest Field of Internal Medicine
Current Pharmaceutical Design Peptide5 Attenuates rtPA Related Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells Reperfusion Injury via the Wnt/β-Catenin Signalling Pathway
Current Neurovascular Research Possible Usefulness of Growth Hormone/Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Axis in Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Pathophysiology of Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier in Traumatic Injury and Repair
Current Pharmaceutical Design Does Parkinson’s Disease and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Present Common Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Treatments?
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Vascular and Parenchymal Mechanisms in Multiple Drug Resistance: a Lesson from Human Epilepsy
Current Drug Targets Brain Excitatory/Inhibitory Circuits Cross-Talking with Chromogranin A During Hypertensive and Hibernating States
Current Medicinal Chemistry