Recent Advances in Alzheimer Disease Research is a book series focusing on contemporary research on Alzheimer’s disease epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy. The series features reviews by experts in neuroscience and aims to provide current information in the field to both researchers and clinicians. Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder affecting more than 5.8 million individuals worldwide. Down syndrome can be viewed as a complex multi-system disorder as it manifests into significant physical, psychological, and cognitive abnormalities in affected persons. With aging, most adults with Down syndrome develop the clinical and neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Unfortunately, no extant treatments have proven beneficial for cognitive dysfunction for either Down syndrome or Alzheimer’s disease. An incomplete understanding of the common pathogenic mechanisms that link these two disorders has limited researchers’ progress to this end. Common Pathogenic Mechanisms between Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease: Steps toward Therapy is a novel attempt to fill this void, by summarizing the work of world-renowned scientists in the field of Alzheimer’s disease and Down syndrome, and thus providing an unprecedented opportunity to attract attention to Down syndrome as a tool for understanding the common molecular mechanisms that underlie Alzheimer’s disease and to develop new therapies for similar neurodegenerative disorders of the brain. The book covers the fundamental pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms behind the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease in Down syndrome affected individuals as well other key topics such as diagnosis and management, in vivo brain imaging studies, and progressive neurodegeneration of the monoaminergic system. The book concludes with a review of recent clinical trials of drugs designed to mitigate cognitive dysfunction in aging adults with Down syndrome and establishes a scientific warrant for the increased testing of candidate pharmacotherapies. Common Pathogenic Mechanisms between Down syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease: Steps toward Therapy is a useful reference clinicians involved in treating Down syndrome patients as well as for neuroscience researchers seeking to understand the influence of a specific case of aneuploidy on Alzheimer’s disease incidence and its progression at the molecular level.

This video atlas covers a broad range of spinal surgical procedures. The volume includes a collection of high quality 3-to-8 minute videos of some of the most critical spine operations performed by internationally renowned expert surgeons. Key features of the book contents include: o Downloadable high quality video content with subtitles suitable for viewing on any display (A brief preview of the book content can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SxMi4UFj7HA ) o Detailed descriptions of surgical indications, preoperative planning, patient positioning, surgical technique, complications, postoperative care and outcomes for each procedure o Full color images and illustrations highlighting different key stages of each surgical technique The video format allows skill development of its intended audience by conveying temporal and spatial details which often go unnoticed in photograph format. This volume will be of immense interest to both the novice and the experienced spinal surgeon as they can benefit from the visual guides presented in the book. It also serves as an ideal teaching tool for spine surgery units in medical schools.

Schizoaffective disorder is a psychotic disease with schizophrenic and affective i.e. depressive and/or manic symptoms. The disease can result in different patient outcomes depending upon the treatment applied. Patients suffering from the disease have in increased vulnerability towards stress and need an appropriate prophylactic medication so that they can perform social and maybe professional activities. Classical Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides involved in Schizoaffective Disorder is a brief monograph that gives readers an overview of frequent psychotic diseases affecting patients. The contents of the monograph include details about biochemical alterations of classical neurotransmitters and neuropeptides in specific regions of the human brain, the susceptible genes and cellular mechanisms behind schizoaffective disorder, the neural networks of schizoaffective disorder and prophylactic pharmacotherapies administered to patients. Three case reports which demonstrate the alterations of classical neurotransmitters and neuropeptides in the brain are also presented. This monograph is a useful guide for medical residents and clinicians in training who wish to understand the basics about treating patients suffering from schizoaffective disorder.

The incidence of multiple chronic diseases affecting a single individual is common among elderly patients. This incidence is believed to be associated with a decline in many health outcomes, including quality of life, mobility, functional ability, increased frequency of hospitalizations, psychological distress, mortality and the use of health care resources. Health in elderly patients can fluctuate significantly, thus prompting the need for proper integration of comprehensive geriatric care. An increasing amount of data gained from research programs is making it clear that a geriatric assessment identifies many problems in older people with chronic diseases, adds prognostic information, and might improve the outcomes of these patients. This volume reviews research on the value of geriatric programs in different subspecialties of internal medicine. Chapters of this book cover different chronic diseases (coronary artery disease, kidney disease, diabetes, osteoporosis etc.) separately and present new findings in these areas. Readers – both medical students and researchers – will find the book an essential for understanding requirements and nuances of specialized geriatric programs in the healthcare sector.

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is an eBook series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) and other nerve disorders. The scope of the eBook series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of contemporary molecular targets involved in neurological and CNS disorders. Reviews presented in the series are mainly focused on clinical and therapeutic aspects of novel drugs intended for these targets. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critical information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of neurology. The fourth volume of this series features reviews that cover a variety of topics including: -Multiple sclerosis drug therapy -Treatment of diabetic neuropathy -Migraine treatments -Ischemic stroke treatments

According to the National Institute of Aging there are more than half a billion people over the age of 65 across the globe. This has led to a need for medical and psychiatric care on a scale unprecedented in history. In light of this increase in the global elderly population, the field of geriatric medicine has expanded and become multidisciplinary to accommodate the need of the elderly in the 21st century. This volume highlights research in geriatric medicine across different disciplines. Chapters of this volume cover public health and economic consequences of aging in USA, cognitive impairment in old age, geriatric ophthalmology, osteoporosis, sleep disorders, speech-language pathology and geriatric care. Readers – both medical students and researchers - will find these topics useful for understanding issues in geriatric medicine and can use this information to improve geriatric programs in the healthcare sector.

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the product of the slow and progressive degenerative alteration that develops in the adult brain and can remain asymptomatic for a considerable time before cognitive deficits becomes evident. The main challenge for researchers is to identify markers of this degenerative process, and, in this sense, data has been generated through experiments bringing to light new mechanisms and hypothesis to explain its pathophysiology. This book is a review of recent studies in AD molecular biology. Chapters explain various facets of AD, which include animal models, morphological changes, membrane composition, amyloidogenic peptides, intracellular transport systems, and the role of oxidative stress and calcium deregulation. Readers will understand the molecular mechanisms behind AD and therefore broaden their perspective on this neurodegenerative disease and its progression.

Stroke is one of the most debilitating diseases which poses a significant economic burden on society. Increasing exposure to behavioural risk factors for stroke (tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and excessive alcohol consumption) and air pollution are driving up the worldwide stroke burden. Although medical interventions to prevent and manage stroke have advanced considerably over the last two decades, they are not consistently implemented worldwide. Therefore, health outcomes of stroke treatment vary throughout the world.

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Alzheimer Disorders is an e-Book series which covers recent topics related to understanding Alzheimer's disease (AD) that causes dementia and has a neurodegenerative effect on the brain. The disease affects memory, thought process, and language of affected individuals. Chapters in each volume focus on (Alzheimer Disorders) drug research with special emphasis on clinical trials, research on drugs in advanced stages of development and cure for Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Alzheimer Disorders will be of particular interest to readers interested in drug therapy of this specific neurodegenerative condition and related brain disorders as the series provides relevant reviews written by experts in field of Alzheimer’s Disease research. The fifth volume of this series features chapters covering critical discussions on AD management and new therapies. The topics reviewed in this volume include: - Current concepts in management of AD - The amyloid cascade hypothesis and stem cell-based AD therapy - Phytochemicals targeting AD - Dementia screening in primary clinical care settings - Updates in dementia / AD clinical research and drug development

Stroke is thought to be the second biggest killer worldwide, and is responsible for over 5 million deaths per year. Several strategies have been developed to enhance treatment of stroke patients. Multimodal neuroimaging allows physicians to diagnose and evaluate not only the ischemic core but also the vessel pattern and collateral status. Stroke Treatment involves extensive intravenous drug administration. Several new drugs with long lasting efficacy are now being tested in randomized clinical trials. In this context, endovascular treatment is a promising avenue that allows physicians to treat patients in extended time windows especially patients in whom intravenous RTPA has failed. A new era has emerged with new devices called stent retrievers and aspiration techniques, which have demonstrated higher rates of recanalization and clear superiority over previous devices employed in RCTs. The third volume of Frontiers in Neurosurgery presents updated information on ischemic stroke treatment. The volume comprehensively covers the epidemiology, physiology, diagnosis and treatment modalities of stroke. Readers will also find key information on diagnosing and treating rare and lesser known causes of stroke as well as notes about new devices and medical procedures to combat ischemic stroke. This volume is a useful resource for neurosurgery specialists as well as nurses, physiotherapists and caregivers.