Neurobehavioural Deficits, Atherogenic Risk, and Oxido-inflammatory Response in Mice Fed with Combined Sodium Benzoate and Monosodium Glutamate Supplementation in Normal and High-fat Diets

Title:Neurobehavioural Deficits, Atherogenic Risk, and Oxido-inflammatory Response in Mice Fed with Combined Sodium Benzoate and Monosodium Glutamate Supplementation in Normal and High-fat Diets

Volume: 21

Author(s): Akinyinka O. Alabi, Joseph Chimezie, Folake O. Asejeje, Akanji A. Murtala, Emmanuel O. Kasumu, Elijah O. Oyinloye and Abayomi M. Ajayi*

Affiliation:

• Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria

Keywords: High-fat diet, food additives, sodium benzoate, monosodium glutamate, antioxidant defense, interleukin-6.

Abstract:

Introduction/Background: The overuse of food additives and preservatives has become a source of concern globally due to the inherent risks associated with them. This study evaluated neurobehavioral performance, atherogenic risk, and oxido-inflammatory response in mice fed with normal and high-fat diets supplemented with combined sodium benzoate (SB) and monosodium glutamate (MSG).

Materials/Methods: Mice were divided into four groups (n=6) and fed with normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), ND+MSG+SB, and HFD + MSG +SB, respectively, for 28 days. Neurobehavioral performance in mice was carried out in an open field, and Y-maze tests were performed. Serum was obtained to determine lipid profile and atherogenic risk, while brain homogenate was used to determine oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and neurotransmitter-related enzyme activities.

Results: This study reported that in mice fed with HFD, ND+MSG+SB, and HFD + MSG +SB, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in explorative activity, an increase in anxiety-like behavior, as well as decreased memory performance. Malondialdehyde and nitrites levels increased, while levels of reduced glutathione and antioxidant enzyme activities, catalase and superoxide dismutase, were significantly reduced. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were significantly increased in the brains of mice fed with HFD, ND+MSG+SB, and HFD + MSG +SB when compared with control. Moreover, the activities of acetylcholinesterase increased while glutamic acid decarboxylase decreased significantly.

Conclusion: In conclusion, SB and MSG supplementation in diets caused neurobehavioral deficits in mice, increased atherogenic risk, and upregulated oxidative stress and inflammatory response in mice brains.

Cite this article as:

Alabi O. Akinyinka, Chimezie Joseph, Asejeje O. Folake, Murtala A. Akanji, Kasumu O. Emmanuel, Oyinloye O. Elijah and Ajayi M. Abayomi*, Neurobehavioural Deficits, Atherogenic Risk, and Oxido-inflammatory Response in Mice Fed with Combined Sodium Benzoate and Monosodium Glutamate Supplementation in Normal and High-fat Diets, Current Bioactive Compounds 2025; 21 () : e15734072322724 . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0115734072322724241107112313