Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction involving dysfunctional mitochondria precedes the development of cardiovascular diseases. This impairment results from an increase in reactive oxygen species, which leads to oxidative stress and a reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide. It has been demonstrated that oxidative stress and alterations in glucose and lipid homeostasis (e.g. hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia) are linked to mitochondrial impairment and that all of them contribute to endothelial dysfunction. Anti-hyperlipidemic drugs such as statins, anti-hypertensive drugs and angiotensin receptor antagonists have been shown to exert protection through anti-oxidative stress mechanisms. Other substances with antioxidant properties, such as vitamins, are also capable of abolishing the oxidative stress associated with cardiometabolic diseases. However, the results obtained with general antioxidants in clinical trials are contradictory, perhaps due to the unspecific nature of the targets selected. This study correlates endothelial dysfunction and mitochondrial dysfunction and examines current research for the selective targeting of specific molecules (such as ·NO donors and antioxidants) to mitochondria with the aim of protecting the endothelium against oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, endothelial dysfunction, mitochondria, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, oxidative stress.
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Current concepts in the study of new therapeutic targets and the development of drugs for diseases of the central nervous system
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are among the leading causes of chronic disability and mortality worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), neurological disorders affect over 1 billion people, and the cost of their treatment increases annually. However, advances in neuroscience and medicine are enabling fundamentally new approaches to ...read more
Sustainable Molecular Design for Health and Economy: New Directions in Medicinal Chemistry
The evolving landscape of medicinal chemistry is increasingly influenced by the urgent need to reconcile human health priorities with sustainability imperatives and economic feasibility. While drug discovery and therapeutic development pipelines lead to substantive scientific outcomes, they nonetheless remain disproportionately resource-intensive, environmentally taxing, and financially enclosed. In response to these ...read more
Related Journals
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Current Analytical Chemistry
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design
Current Bioactive Compounds
Current Cancer Drug Targets
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews
Current Diabetes Reviews
Current Drug Safety
Related Books
The Role of Nutraceuticals in Degenerative Diseases (Part 2)
Frontiers in Computational Chemistry
Herb-Drug Interactions: A Medicinal Approach
The Role of Nutraceuticals in Degenerative Diseases (Part 1)
Autoimmune Disorders and Secondary Plant Metabolites (Part 2)
Autoimmune Disorders and Secondary Plant Metabolites (Part 1)
Brain Tumor Drug Development: Current Advances and Strategies (Part 2)
The Role of Asymmetric Synthesis in Drug Discovery
Solid Base Catalysis: A New Frontier in Industrial Sustainability
The Changing Trends of Vector-Borne Diseases to Climate Change
51