Polymeric Hydrogels in Medicine

This chapter of the book provides a detailed analysis of polymeric hydrogels in medicine, exploring their different properties, synthesis techniques, and biomedical applications. Starting with an introduction, it explains the definition and historical evolution of polymeric hydrogels and their importance in advancing biomedicine. The chapter then examines the physical characteristics, chemical structure, and responsive behavior of polymeric hydrogels to provide a foundational understanding. It also covers different synthesis and fabrication techniques, including polymerization approaches and various crosslinking methods, as well as advanced techniques such as microfluidics and 3D printing. The chapter then delves into the biocompatibility and bifunctionality of polymeric hydrogels, including their interactions with biological systems and the incorporation of bioactive agents for specific applications. It discusses their different applications in medicine, from drug delivery systems to wound healing and tissue engineering, with illustrative case studies. The chapter also addresses the challenges and solutions related to biodegradability, immunogenicity, and regulatory considerations, providing a holistic perspective. Finally, it explores future directions and emerging trends, identifying opportunities for cross-disciplinary collaboration and integration with emerging technologies. Its objective is to serve as a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, and professionals, fostering a deeper understanding of polymeric hydrogels and inspiring further advancements in this dynamic field.

Keywords: Applications, Adhesives, Biocompatibility and biofunctionality, Bioactive agents, Biomedical applications, Drug delivery, Hydrogels, Interaction with biological systems, Polymers, Properties, Regenerative medicines, Regenerative medicine, Responsive behaviour, Surgical sealants, Smart biomaterials, Tissue Engineering, Wound healing.