Abstract
RNA modification, involving in a wide variety of cellular processes, has been identified over 100 types since 1950s. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), as one of the most abundant RNA modifications, is found in several RNA species and predominantly located in the stop codons, long internal exons as well as 3’UTR. It was reported that m6A modification preferentially appears after G in the conserved motif RRm6ACH (R = A/G and H = A/C/U). There are two families of enzymes responsible for maintaining the balance of m6A modification: m6A methyltransferases and demethylases, which add and remove methyl marks for adenosine of RNA, respectively. METTL3 complex, the m6A methyltransferases, and two kinds of demethylases including Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and alkylation protein AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) are characterized thus far. Besides the “writers” and “erasers”, m6A specific recognizing proteins, such as the YTH (YT521-B homology) domain family proteins, also have attracted significant attention. Herein, we focus on the recent progress in understanding the biological/biochemical functions and structures of proteins responsible for the m6A modification and recognition. Detailed analyses of these important proteins are essential for the further study of their biological function and will also guide us in designing more potent and specific small-molecule chemical inhibitors for these targets.
Keywords: m6A, RNA methyltransferase and demethylase, YTH domain.
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title:Structural and Functional Characterization of the Proteins Responsible for N6-Methyladenosine Modification and Recognition
Volume: 17 Issue: 4
Author(s): Ke Liu, Yumin Ding, Weiyuan Ye, Yanli Liu, Jihong Yang, Jinlin Liu and Chao Qi
Affiliation:
Keywords: m6A, RNA methyltransferase and demethylase, YTH domain.
Abstract: RNA modification, involving in a wide variety of cellular processes, has been identified over 100 types since 1950s. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), as one of the most abundant RNA modifications, is found in several RNA species and predominantly located in the stop codons, long internal exons as well as 3’UTR. It was reported that m6A modification preferentially appears after G in the conserved motif RRm6ACH (R = A/G and H = A/C/U). There are two families of enzymes responsible for maintaining the balance of m6A modification: m6A methyltransferases and demethylases, which add and remove methyl marks for adenosine of RNA, respectively. METTL3 complex, the m6A methyltransferases, and two kinds of demethylases including Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and alkylation protein AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) are characterized thus far. Besides the “writers” and “erasers”, m6A specific recognizing proteins, such as the YTH (YT521-B homology) domain family proteins, also have attracted significant attention. Herein, we focus on the recent progress in understanding the biological/biochemical functions and structures of proteins responsible for the m6A modification and recognition. Detailed analyses of these important proteins are essential for the further study of their biological function and will also guide us in designing more potent and specific small-molecule chemical inhibitors for these targets.
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Cite this article as:
Liu Ke, Ding Yumin, Ye Weiyuan, Liu Yanli, Yang Jihong, Liu Jinlin and Qi Chao, Structural and Functional Characterization of the Proteins Responsible for N6-Methyladenosine Modification and Recognition, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2016; 17 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203716666150901113553
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203716666150901113553 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
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