Abstract
Background: Pernicious Anemia (PA), the most common cause of cobalamin deficiency anemia worldwide, is an autoimmune disease of multifactorial etiologies involving complex environmental and immunological factors. Although it was first reported by Addison in 1849 with subsequent advances in understanding of pathogenesis and molecular biology, diagnosis of PA is still challenging for clinicians because of its complexity and diverse clinical presentations.
Conclusion: Herein, we provide an overview of PA, mainly focusing on its scientific and practical aspects in diagnosis. We also discuss the limitations of currently available diagnostic tools for the evaluation of cobalamin deficiency and PA.
Keywords: Pernicious anemia, pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, fundamental aspects, practical approach, cobalamia deficiency.
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Pernicious Anemia: Fundamental and Practical Aspects in Diagnosis
Volume: 15 Issue: 1
Author(s): Aung Myint Tun, Kyaw Zin Thein, Zin War Myint and Thein Hlaing Oo*
Affiliation:
- The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Section of Thrombosis & Benign Hematology (Unit 1464), 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030,United States
Keywords: Pernicious anemia, pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, fundamental aspects, practical approach, cobalamia deficiency.
Abstract: Background: Pernicious Anemia (PA), the most common cause of cobalamin deficiency anemia worldwide, is an autoimmune disease of multifactorial etiologies involving complex environmental and immunological factors. Although it was first reported by Addison in 1849 with subsequent advances in understanding of pathogenesis and molecular biology, diagnosis of PA is still challenging for clinicians because of its complexity and diverse clinical presentations.
Conclusion: Herein, we provide an overview of PA, mainly focusing on its scientific and practical aspects in diagnosis. We also discuss the limitations of currently available diagnostic tools for the evaluation of cobalamin deficiency and PA.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Tun Myint Aung, Thein Zin Kyaw, Myint War Zin and Oo Hlaing Thein*, Pernicious Anemia: Fundamental and Practical Aspects in Diagnosis, Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 15 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871525715666170203114632
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871525715666170203114632 |
Print ISSN 1871-5257 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6182 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Medicinal Plants with Beneficial Properties on Diabetes and Hypertension
Diabetes and hypertension are real scourges of the 21st century. It is imperative to act in order to find innovative solutions to this problem. Taking medications such as hypoglycemic and antihypertensive drugs may aggravate certain underlying comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. This significant drawback therefore requires ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Immune Cell Entry to Central Nervous System - Current Understanding and Prospective Therapeutic Targets
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets α-Galactosylceramide: Potential Immunomodulatory Activity and Future Application [General Articles]
Current Medicinal Chemistry Thrombotic Management of Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Towards Novel Targeted Therapies
Current Vascular Pharmacology New Insights into the Roles of Endolysosomal Cathepsins in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimers Disease: Cathepsin Inhibitors as Potential Therapeutics
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Therapeutic Targeting of CD6 in Autoimmune Diseases: A Review of Cuban Clinical Studies with the Antibodies IOR-T1 and Itolizumab
Current Drug Targets Unique Phenotypes and Functions of Follicular Helper T Cells and Regulatory T Cells in Sjögren’s Syndrome
Current Rheumatology Reviews Failure of Immune Homeostasis - The Consequences of Under and Over Reactivity
Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Immunotherapy for Multiple Sclerosis: Basic Insights for New Clinical Strategies
Current Neurovascular Research Nutraceuticals and "Repurposed" Drugs of Phytochemical Origin in Prevention and Interception of Chronic Degenerative Diseases and Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry Psychosocial Stress, Emotions and Cytokine-Related Disorders
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Autoimmune Disorders during Pregnancy: Effects of Biomarkers on Maternal Serum Screening and Course of Disease
Current Women`s Health Reviews Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of Positron Emission Tomography for Central Nervous System Involvement in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: Status and Perspectives
Current Medicinal Chemistry The IL-12 Family of Cytokines in Infection, Inflammation and Autoimmune Disorders
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Apoptosis: Potential Therapeutic Targets for New Drug Discovery
Current Medicinal Chemistry Potential Use of Drugs that Target Neural-Immune Pathways in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Other Autoimmune Diseases
Current Drug Targets - Inflammation & Allergy Update on Pathogenesis of Sjogren's Syndrome
Current Rheumatology Reviews The Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Gene Polymorphism and Its Serum Levels in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Implication of CD154/CD40 Interaction in Healthy and Autoimmune Responses
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Glucocorticoids and the Cardiovascular System: State of the Art
Current Pharmaceutical Design