摘要
哺乳动物的肠道不仅是食物消化和营养吸收的器官,而且是免疫和内分泌系统的组成部分。应激环境下的肠上皮要求上皮细胞快速诱导基因表达模式的改变,以调节其生存,适应应激,维持上皮内动态平衡。近年来,miRNAs作为一类新的转录后基因调节因子,在肠上皮分化、结构和屏障功能等方面起着重要的作用。在这篇综述中,我们强调miRNAs在哺乳动物肠粘膜细胞自我更新和炎症的隐窝-绒毛轴中的关键作用及其对微生物的影响。我们还讨论了肠内特异性miRNA的功能,以更好地了解促进肠内稳态的细胞机制,以及膳食成分在肠道营养和基因调控研究中对内源性miRNA调控的影响。
关键词: 微RNA,肠上皮细胞,粘膜更新,稳态,炎症,微生物区系。
Current Molecular Medicine
Title:MicroRNAs in the Intestine: Role in Renewal, Homeostasis, and Inflammation
Volume: 18 Issue: 3
关键词: 微RNA,肠上皮细胞,粘膜更新,稳态,炎症,微生物区系。
摘要: The mammalian intestine is not only an organ for food digestion and nutrient absorption but also an integral part of the immune and endocrine systems. The intestinal epithelium under stressful environments requires epithelial cells to rapidly elicit changes in gene expression patterns to regulate their survival, adapt to stress, and maintain epithelial homeostasis. Recently, miRNAs have emerged as a novel class of posttranscriptional gene regulators that are fundamentally involved in many aspects of intestinal epithelial differentiation, architecture, and barrier function. In this review, we highlight the critical roles of miRNAs in both the crypt-villus axis of cellular self-renewal and inflammation in the mammalian intestinal mucosa and their impact on the microbiota. We also discuss the functions of specific miRNAs within the intestine to better understand the cellular mechanisms that promote intestinal homeostasis, and the influence of dietary components in the regulation of endogenous miRNA in the study of nutrition and gene regulation in intestinal health.
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Cite this article as:
MicroRNAs in the Intestine: Role in Renewal, Homeostasis, and Inflammation, Current Molecular Medicine 2018; 18 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524018666180907163638
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524018666180907163638 |
Print ISSN 1566-5240 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5666 |
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