Abstract
With the advent of new knowledge and technologies, the survival of critically ill premature neonates has much improved compared to the last decade. One of these is parenteral nutrition (PN). Despite the magnificent benefits, longterm PN can contribute to many life-threatening complications. The parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease comprises one of the potential complications, leading to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and death if liver transplantation is not performed. Its pathophysiology is still obscure, although many offending factors have been postulated, including total caloric intake, glucose and amino acid concentration, composition of the amino acid solutions, phytosterols in lipid emulsions, infection, and lack of enteral stimulation. Because there is no specific biological marker or histopathology for this condition, the definite diagnosis is exclusively based on a history of receiving long-term PN and exclusion of other possible causes of neonatal cholestasis, most importantly biliary atresia. Recent reports using ursodeoxycholic acid and cholecystokinin-octapeptide for treatment of PN-induced cholestasis have shown promising results. However, early minimal enteral feeding and prevention of catheter-related sepsis are still the mainstay of preventive measures.
Keywords: parenteral nutrition (pn), cholestasis, hepatotoxicity, cystathionase, beta-oxidation, long-chain free fatty acid, kupffers cell, biliary stasis
Current Nutrition & Food Science
Title: Update on Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and Management
Volume: 1 Issue: 2
Author(s): Nuthapong Ukarapol
Affiliation:
Keywords: parenteral nutrition (pn), cholestasis, hepatotoxicity, cystathionase, beta-oxidation, long-chain free fatty acid, kupffers cell, biliary stasis
Abstract: With the advent of new knowledge and technologies, the survival of critically ill premature neonates has much improved compared to the last decade. One of these is parenteral nutrition (PN). Despite the magnificent benefits, longterm PN can contribute to many life-threatening complications. The parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease comprises one of the potential complications, leading to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and death if liver transplantation is not performed. Its pathophysiology is still obscure, although many offending factors have been postulated, including total caloric intake, glucose and amino acid concentration, composition of the amino acid solutions, phytosterols in lipid emulsions, infection, and lack of enteral stimulation. Because there is no specific biological marker or histopathology for this condition, the definite diagnosis is exclusively based on a history of receiving long-term PN and exclusion of other possible causes of neonatal cholestasis, most importantly biliary atresia. Recent reports using ursodeoxycholic acid and cholecystokinin-octapeptide for treatment of PN-induced cholestasis have shown promising results. However, early minimal enteral feeding and prevention of catheter-related sepsis are still the mainstay of preventive measures.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Ukarapol Nuthapong, Update on Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and Management, Current Nutrition & Food Science 2005; 1 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401054022673
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401054022673 |
Print ISSN 1573-4013 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3881 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Bioactive compounds, functional foods, metabolism, and health
Nutrition, metabolism, and their intervention strategies have become focal points of interest in the study of metabolic syndrome and health. Bioactive compounds, phytochemicals, and functional foods play crucial roles in modulating metabolic processes and improving human health. Moreover, the composition of the gut microbiome is also believed to be closely ...read more
Functional Foods in Human Health and Beyond
Foods are important source of nutrients including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and other minerals. Furthermore, the functional foods are those agents that have additional components that are essential supports to the body in terms of antioxidant and pharmacologically active agents. The predominant functional foods are of plant in origin, whereas some ...read more
Harnessing Bioactive Compounds from Food Waste: Sustainable Extraction Strategies and Health Applications
Food waste presents a significant challenge across the postharvest cycle, from agricultural production to distribution. However, within this waste lies a treasure trove of bioactive chemicals that hold immense potential for nutraceuticals, functional foods, and postharvest additives, including antimicrobials. Various extraction methods, such as solvent extraction (SE), supercritical fluid extraction ...read more
Natural Bioactive Compounds Derivatives in Nutraceutical and Food Science
In the last years, plants have been widely used for their numerous properties and now there is growing interest in the study of classes of compounds obtained from plant species or derived from them. The importance of these natural compounds lies in their important therapeutic purposes, and in their capability ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Elderly Patients with Migraine: An Open-Label Study on Prophylaxis Therapy with Levetiracetam
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Adipose Tissue as a Source of Vasoactive Factors
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents Fetal and Obstetric Manifestations in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Current Rheumatology Reviews Pharmacological, Immunological, and Gene Targeting of the Renin-Angiotensin System for Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Abdominal Aortic Calcification: Clinical Significance, Mechanisms and Therapies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Five Markers Capable to Identify Passive Smoking Exposure Associated with Endothelial Dysfunction in Healthy Individuals
Current Hypertension Reviews Safety and Efficacy of Intra-arterial Tirofiban Injection During Mechanical Thrombectomy for Large Artery Occlusion
Current Neurovascular Research Medicinal Properties of Mangiferin, Structural Features, Derivative Synthesis, Pharmacokinetics and Biological Activities
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
Current Molecular Medicine Comparison of Amniotic Fluid Index and Single Deepest Vertical Pocket
Current Women`s Health Reviews Protective Effects of Anesthetics on the Spinal Cord
Current Pharmaceutical Design Plasma Glucose Lowering Activity of Palmatine and its Effect on Liver, Kidney and Antioxidant Enzymes Parameters in STZ Induced Diabetic Rat Model
Current Bioactive Compounds New Biotechnological Methods to Reduce Oxidative Stress in the Cardiovascular System: Focusing on the Bach1/Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The Effects of Sevoflurane or Remifentanil on the Stress Response to Surgical Stimulus
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cerebrovascular Complications of Diabetes: Focus on Stroke
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Dietary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia in elderly subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer disease.
Current Alzheimer Research Natriuretic Peptide Guided Heart Failure Management
Current Clinical Pharmacology Aberrant DNA Methylation Pattern may Enhance Susceptibility to Migraine: A Novel Perspective
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets