Abstract
Insulin resistance is defined as a preliminary step of type 2 diabetes mellitus with decreased insulin action evoked by continuous postprandial hyperglycemia, which is provoked by high fat and calories dieting, a lack of physical activity and obesity. In the early phase of type 2 diabetes mellitus, patients have a hyperinsulinemia to compensate deficient insulin action by increased secretion from the pancreas to maintain euglycemia. Then, pancreatic β cells progressively decrease secretion function, resulting in the development of diabetes mellitus with decreased serum insulin levels. Accumulating evidences show that insulin resistance is associated with hypertension. However, the mechanisms underlying hypertension associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus have still unknown. Therefore, to elucidate the mechanisms of insulin resistance-induced hypertension, we investigated that the effects of hyperinsulinemia or hyperglycemia on vascular responses mediated by perivascular nerves including sympathetic adrenergic nerves and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-containing nerves (CGRPergic nerves). In this article, we show evidence that insulin resistance-induced hypertension could be resulted from increased density and function of sympathetic nerve, and decreased density and function of CGRPergic nerves. Furthermore, our findings provide a new insight into the research of therapeutic drugs for insulin resistance- induced hypertension.
Keywords: Insulin resistance, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, perivascular CGRPergic nerves, perivascular sympathetic adrenergic nerves.
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title:Insulin Resistance-Induced Hypertension and a Role of Perivascular CGRPergic Nerves
Volume: 14 Issue: 4
Author(s): Shingo Takatori, Yoshito Zamami, Narumi Hashikawa-Hobara and Hiromu Kawasaki
Affiliation:
Keywords: Insulin resistance, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, perivascular CGRPergic nerves, perivascular sympathetic adrenergic nerves.
Abstract: Insulin resistance is defined as a preliminary step of type 2 diabetes mellitus with decreased insulin action evoked by continuous postprandial hyperglycemia, which is provoked by high fat and calories dieting, a lack of physical activity and obesity. In the early phase of type 2 diabetes mellitus, patients have a hyperinsulinemia to compensate deficient insulin action by increased secretion from the pancreas to maintain euglycemia. Then, pancreatic β cells progressively decrease secretion function, resulting in the development of diabetes mellitus with decreased serum insulin levels. Accumulating evidences show that insulin resistance is associated with hypertension. However, the mechanisms underlying hypertension associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus have still unknown. Therefore, to elucidate the mechanisms of insulin resistance-induced hypertension, we investigated that the effects of hyperinsulinemia or hyperglycemia on vascular responses mediated by perivascular nerves including sympathetic adrenergic nerves and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-containing nerves (CGRPergic nerves). In this article, we show evidence that insulin resistance-induced hypertension could be resulted from increased density and function of sympathetic nerve, and decreased density and function of CGRPergic nerves. Furthermore, our findings provide a new insight into the research of therapeutic drugs for insulin resistance- induced hypertension.
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Cite this article as:
Takatori Shingo, Zamami Yoshito, Hashikawa-Hobara Narumi and Kawasaki Hiromu, Insulin Resistance-Induced Hypertension and a Role of Perivascular CGRPergic Nerves, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2013; 14 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13892037113149990047
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13892037113149990047 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
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